From 15c84731d647c34d1491793fa6be96f5de3432eb Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001 From: Jeremy Fitzhardinge Date: Tue, 17 Jul 2007 18:37:05 -0700 Subject: [PATCH] xen: time implementation Xen maintains a base clock which measures nanoseconds since system boot. This is provided to guests via a shared page which contains a base time in ns, a tsc timestamp at that point and tsc frequency parameters. Guests can compute the current time by reading the tsc and using it to extrapolate the current time from the basetime. The hypervisor makes sure that the frequency parameters are updated regularly, paricularly if the tsc changes rate or stops. This is implemented as a clocksource, so the interface to the rest of the kernel is a simple clocksource which simply returns the current time directly in nanoseconds. Xen also provides a simple timer mechanism, which allows a timeout to be set in the future. When that time arrives, a timer event is sent to the guest. There are two timer interfaces: - An old one which also delivers a stream of (unused) ticks at 100Hz, and on the same event, the actual timer events. The 100Hz ticks cause a lot of spurious wakeups, but are basically harmless. - The new timer interface doesn't have the 100Hz ticks, and can also fail if the specified time is in the past. This code presents the Xen timer as a clockevent driver, and uses the new interface by preference. Signed-off-by: Jeremy Fitzhardinge Signed-off-by: Chris Wright Cc: Ingo Molnar Cc: Thomas Gleixner --- arch/i386/xen/Makefile | 2 +- arch/i386/xen/enlighten.c | 6 + arch/i386/xen/time.c | 407 ++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++ 3 files changed, 414 insertions(+), 1 deletion(-) create mode 100644 arch/i386/xen/time.c diff --git a/arch/i386/xen/Makefile b/arch/i386/xen/Makefile index 7a78f27bfb..bf51cabed0 100644 --- a/arch/i386/xen/Makefile +++ b/arch/i386/xen/Makefile @@ -1,2 +1,2 @@ obj-y := enlighten.o setup.o features.o multicalls.o mmu.o \ - events.o + events.o time.o diff --git a/arch/i386/xen/enlighten.c b/arch/i386/xen/enlighten.c index 6417dfdccb..25eb3592f1 100644 --- a/arch/i386/xen/enlighten.c +++ b/arch/i386/xen/enlighten.c @@ -609,6 +609,12 @@ static const struct paravirt_ops xen_paravirt_ops __initdata = { .arch_setup = xen_arch_setup, .init_IRQ = xen_init_IRQ, + .time_init = xen_time_init, + .set_wallclock = xen_set_wallclock, + .get_wallclock = xen_get_wallclock, + .get_cpu_khz = xen_cpu_khz, + .sched_clock = xen_clocksource_read, + .cpuid = xen_cpuid, .set_debugreg = xen_set_debugreg, diff --git a/arch/i386/xen/time.c b/arch/i386/xen/time.c new file mode 100644 index 0000000000..b457980ff3 --- /dev/null +++ b/arch/i386/xen/time.c @@ -0,0 +1,407 @@ +/* + * Xen time implementation. + * + * This is implemented in terms of a clocksource driver which uses + * the hypervisor clock as a nanosecond timebase, and a clockevent + * driver which uses the hypervisor's timer mechanism. + * + * Jeremy Fitzhardinge , XenSource Inc, 2007 + */ +#include +#include +#include +#include + +#include +#include + +#include +#include +#include + +#include "xen-ops.h" + +#define XEN_SHIFT 22 + +/* Xen may fire a timer up to this many ns early */ +#define TIMER_SLOP 100000 + +/* These are perodically updated in shared_info, and then copied here. */ +struct shadow_time_info { + u64 tsc_timestamp; /* TSC at last update of time vals. */ + u64 system_timestamp; /* Time, in nanosecs, since boot. */ + u32 tsc_to_nsec_mul; + int tsc_shift; + u32 version; +}; + +static DEFINE_PER_CPU(struct shadow_time_info, shadow_time); + +unsigned long xen_cpu_khz(void) +{ + u64 cpu_khz = 1000000ULL << 32; + const struct vcpu_time_info *info = + &HYPERVISOR_shared_info->vcpu_info[0].time; + + do_div(cpu_khz, info->tsc_to_system_mul); + if (info->tsc_shift < 0) + cpu_khz <<= -info->tsc_shift; + else + cpu_khz >>= info->tsc_shift; + + return cpu_khz; +} + +/* + * Reads a consistent set of time-base values from Xen, into a shadow data + * area. + */ +static void get_time_values_from_xen(void) +{ + struct vcpu_time_info *src; + struct shadow_time_info *dst; + + preempt_disable(); + + /* src is shared memory with the hypervisor, so we need to + make sure we get a consistent snapshot, even in the face of + being preempted. */ + src = &__get_cpu_var(xen_vcpu)->time; + dst = &__get_cpu_var(shadow_time); + + do { + dst->version = src->version; + rmb(); /* fetch version before data */ + dst->tsc_timestamp = src->tsc_timestamp; + dst->system_timestamp = src->system_time; + dst->tsc_to_nsec_mul = src->tsc_to_system_mul; + dst->tsc_shift = src->tsc_shift; + rmb(); /* test version after fetching data */ + } while ((src->version & 1) | (dst->version ^ src->version)); + + preempt_enable(); +} + +/* + * Scale a 64-bit delta by scaling and multiplying by a 32-bit fraction, + * yielding a 64-bit result. + */ +static inline u64 scale_delta(u64 delta, u32 mul_frac, int shift) +{ + u64 product; +#ifdef __i386__ + u32 tmp1, tmp2; +#endif + + if (shift < 0) + delta >>= -shift; + else + delta <<= shift; + +#ifdef __i386__ + __asm__ ( + "mul %5 ; " + "mov %4,%%eax ; " + "mov %%edx,%4 ; " + "mul %5 ; " + "xor %5,%5 ; " + "add %4,%%eax ; " + "adc %5,%%edx ; " + : "=A" (product), "=r" (tmp1), "=r" (tmp2) + : "a" ((u32)delta), "1" ((u32)(delta >> 32)), "2" (mul_frac) ); +#elif __x86_64__ + __asm__ ( + "mul %%rdx ; shrd $32,%%rdx,%%rax" + : "=a" (product) : "0" (delta), "d" ((u64)mul_frac) ); +#else +#error implement me! +#endif + + return product; +} + +static u64 get_nsec_offset(struct shadow_time_info *shadow) +{ + u64 now, delta; + rdtscll(now); + delta = now - shadow->tsc_timestamp; + return scale_delta(delta, shadow->tsc_to_nsec_mul, shadow->tsc_shift); +} + +cycle_t xen_clocksource_read(void) +{ + struct shadow_time_info *shadow = &get_cpu_var(shadow_time); + cycle_t ret; + + get_time_values_from_xen(); + + ret = shadow->system_timestamp + get_nsec_offset(shadow); + + put_cpu_var(shadow_time); + + return ret; +} + +static void xen_read_wallclock(struct timespec *ts) +{ + const struct shared_info *s = HYPERVISOR_shared_info; + u32 version; + u64 delta; + struct timespec now; + + /* get wallclock at system boot */ + do { + version = s->wc_version; + rmb(); /* fetch version before time */ + now.tv_sec = s->wc_sec; + now.tv_nsec = s->wc_nsec; + rmb(); /* fetch time before checking version */ + } while ((s->wc_version & 1) | (version ^ s->wc_version)); + + delta = xen_clocksource_read(); /* time since system boot */ + delta += now.tv_sec * (u64)NSEC_PER_SEC + now.tv_nsec; + + now.tv_nsec = do_div(delta, NSEC_PER_SEC); + now.tv_sec = delta; + + set_normalized_timespec(ts, now.tv_sec, now.tv_nsec); +} + +unsigned long xen_get_wallclock(void) +{ + struct timespec ts; + + xen_read_wallclock(&ts); + + return ts.tv_sec; +} + +int xen_set_wallclock(unsigned long now) +{ + /* do nothing for domU */ + return -1; +} + +static struct clocksource xen_clocksource __read_mostly = { + .name = "xen", + .rating = 400, + .read = xen_clocksource_read, + .mask = ~0, + .mult = 1<mode != CLOCK_EVT_MODE_ONESHOT); + + if (HYPERVISOR_set_timer_op(get_abs_timeout(delta)) < 0) + BUG(); + + /* We may have missed the deadline, but there's no real way of + knowing for sure. If the event was in the past, then we'll + get an immediate interrupt. */ + + return 0; +} + +static const struct clock_event_device xen_timerop_clockevent = { + .name = "xen", + .features = CLOCK_EVT_FEAT_ONESHOT, + + .max_delta_ns = 0xffffffff, + .min_delta_ns = TIMER_SLOP, + + .mult = 1, + .shift = 0, + .rating = 500, + + .set_mode = xen_timerop_set_mode, + .set_next_event = xen_timerop_set_next_event, +}; + + + +static void xen_vcpuop_set_mode(enum clock_event_mode mode, + struct clock_event_device *evt) +{ + int cpu = smp_processor_id(); + + switch (mode) { + case CLOCK_EVT_MODE_PERIODIC: + WARN_ON(1); /* unsupported */ + break; + + case CLOCK_EVT_MODE_ONESHOT: + if (HYPERVISOR_vcpu_op(VCPUOP_stop_periodic_timer, cpu, NULL)) + BUG(); + break; + + case CLOCK_EVT_MODE_UNUSED: + case CLOCK_EVT_MODE_SHUTDOWN: + if (HYPERVISOR_vcpu_op(VCPUOP_stop_singleshot_timer, cpu, NULL) || + HYPERVISOR_vcpu_op(VCPUOP_stop_periodic_timer, cpu, NULL)) + BUG(); + break; + } +} + +static int xen_vcpuop_set_next_event(unsigned long delta, + struct clock_event_device *evt) +{ + int cpu = smp_processor_id(); + struct vcpu_set_singleshot_timer single; + int ret; + + WARN_ON(evt->mode != CLOCK_EVT_MODE_ONESHOT); + + single.timeout_abs_ns = get_abs_timeout(delta); + single.flags = VCPU_SSHOTTMR_future; + + ret = HYPERVISOR_vcpu_op(VCPUOP_set_singleshot_timer, cpu, &single); + + BUG_ON(ret != 0 && ret != -ETIME); + + return ret; +} + +static const struct clock_event_device xen_vcpuop_clockevent = { + .name = "xen", + .features = CLOCK_EVT_FEAT_ONESHOT, + + .max_delta_ns = 0xffffffff, + .min_delta_ns = TIMER_SLOP, + + .mult = 1, + .shift = 0, + .rating = 500, + + .set_mode = xen_vcpuop_set_mode, + .set_next_event = xen_vcpuop_set_next_event, +}; + +static const struct clock_event_device *xen_clockevent = + &xen_timerop_clockevent; +static DEFINE_PER_CPU(struct clock_event_device, xen_clock_events); + +static irqreturn_t xen_timer_interrupt(int irq, void *dev_id) +{ + struct clock_event_device *evt = &__get_cpu_var(xen_clock_events); + irqreturn_t ret; + + ret = IRQ_NONE; + if (evt->event_handler) { + evt->event_handler(evt); + ret = IRQ_HANDLED; + } + + return ret; +} + +static void xen_setup_timer(int cpu) +{ + const char *name; + struct clock_event_device *evt; + int irq; + + printk(KERN_INFO "installing Xen timer for CPU %d\n", cpu); + + name = kasprintf(GFP_KERNEL, "timer%d", cpu); + if (!name) + name = ""; + + irq = bind_virq_to_irqhandler(VIRQ_TIMER, cpu, xen_timer_interrupt, + IRQF_DISABLED|IRQF_PERCPU|IRQF_NOBALANCING, + name, NULL); + + evt = &get_cpu_var(xen_clock_events); + memcpy(evt, xen_clockevent, sizeof(*evt)); + + evt->cpumask = cpumask_of_cpu(cpu); + evt->irq = irq; + clockevents_register_device(evt); + + put_cpu_var(xen_clock_events); +} + +__init void xen_time_init(void) +{ + int cpu = smp_processor_id(); + + get_time_values_from_xen(); + + clocksource_register(&xen_clocksource); + + if (HYPERVISOR_vcpu_op(VCPUOP_stop_periodic_timer, cpu, NULL) == 0) { + /* Successfully turned off 100hz tick, so we have the + vcpuop-based timer interface */ + printk(KERN_DEBUG "Xen: using vcpuop timer interface\n"); + xen_clockevent = &xen_vcpuop_clockevent; + } + + /* Set initial system time with full resolution */ + xen_read_wallclock(&xtime); + set_normalized_timespec(&wall_to_monotonic, + -xtime.tv_sec, -xtime.tv_nsec); + + tsc_disable = 0; + + xen_setup_timer(cpu); +} -- 2.39.5