Paul Jackson [Sun, 8 Jan 2006 09:02:00 +0000 (01:02 -0800)]
[PATCH] cpuset: migrate all tasks in cpuset at once
Given the mechanism in the previous patch to handle rebinding the per-vma
mempolicies of all tasks in a cpuset that changes its memory placement, it is
now easier to handle the page migration requirements of such tasks at the same
time.
The previous code didn't actually attempt to migrate the pages of the tasks in
a cpuset whose memory placement changed until the next time each such task
tried to allocate memory. This was undesirable, as users invoking memory page
migration exected to happen when the placement changed, not some unspecified
time later when the task needed more memory.
It is now trivial to handle the page migration at the same time as the per-vma
rebinding is done.
The routine cpuset.c:update_nodemask(), which handles changing a cpusets
memory placement ('mems') now checks for the special case of being asked to
write a placement that is the same as before. It was harmless enough before
to just recompute everything again, even though nothing had changed. But page
migration is a heavy weight operation - moving pages about. So now it is
worth avoiding that if asked to move a cpuset to its current location.
Signed-off-by: Paul Jackson <pj@sgi.com> Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@osdl.org> Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@osdl.org>
Paul Jackson [Sun, 8 Jan 2006 09:01:59 +0000 (01:01 -0800)]
[PATCH] cpuset: rebind vma mempolicies fix
Fix more of longstanding bug in cpuset/mempolicy interaction.
NUMA mempolicies (mm/mempolicy.c) are constrained by the current tasks cpuset
to just the Memory Nodes allowed by that cpuset. The kernel maintains
internal state for each mempolicy, tracking what nodes are used for the
MPOL_INTERLEAVE, MPOL_BIND or MPOL_PREFERRED policies.
When a tasks cpuset memory placement changes, whether because the cpuset
changed, or because the task was attached to a different cpuset, then the
tasks mempolicies have to be rebound to the new cpuset placement, so as to
preserve the cpuset-relative numbering of the nodes in that policy.
An earlier fix handled such mempolicy rebinding for mempolicies attached to a
task.
This fix rebinds mempolicies attached to vma's (address ranges in a tasks
address space.) Due to the need to hold the task->mm->mmap_sem semaphore while
updating vma's, the rebinding of vma mempolicies has to be done when the
cpuset memory placement is changed, at which time mmap_sem can be safely
acquired. The tasks mempolicy is rebound later, when the task next attempts
to allocate memory and notices that its task->cpuset_mems_generation is
out-of-date with its cpusets mems_generation.
Because walking the tasklist to find all tasks attached to a changing cpuset
requires holding tasklist_lock, a spinlock, one cannot update the vma's of the
affected tasks while doing the tasklist scan. In general, one cannot acquire
a semaphore (which can sleep) while already holding a spinlock (such as
tasklist_lock). So a list of mm references has to be built up during the
tasklist scan, then the tasklist lock dropped, then for each mm, its mmap_sem
acquired, and the vma's in that mm rebound.
Once the tasklist lock is dropped, affected tasks may fork new tasks, before
their mm's are rebound. A kernel global 'cpuset_being_rebound' is set to
point to the cpuset being rebound (there can only be one; cpuset modifications
are done under a global 'manage_sem' semaphore), and the mpol_copy code that
is used to copy a tasks mempolicies during fork catches such forking tasks,
and ensures their children are also rebound.
When a task is moved to a different cpuset, it is easier, as there is only one
task involved. It's mm->vma's are scanned, using the same
mpol_rebind_policy() as used above.
It may happen that both the mpol_copy hook and the update done via the
tasklist scan update the same mm twice. This is ok, as the mempolicies of
each vma in an mm keep track of what mems_allowed they are relative to, and
safely no-op a second request to rebind to the same nodes.
Signed-off-by: Paul Jackson <pj@sgi.com> Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@osdl.org> Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@osdl.org>
Paul Jackson [Sun, 8 Jan 2006 09:01:57 +0000 (01:01 -0800)]
[PATCH] cpuset: number_of_cpusets optimization
Easy little optimization hack to avoid actually having to call
cpuset_zone_allowed() and check mems_allowed, in the main page allocation
routine, __alloc_pages(). This saves several CPU cycles per page allocation
on systems not using cpusets.
A counter is updated each time a cpuset is created or removed, and whenever
there is only one cpuset in the system, it must be the root cpuset, which
contains all CPUs and all Memory Nodes. In that case, when the counter is
one, all allocations are allowed.
Signed-off-by: Paul Jackson <pj@sgi.com> Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@osdl.org> Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@osdl.org>
Paul Jackson [Sun, 8 Jan 2006 09:01:56 +0000 (01:01 -0800)]
[PATCH] cpuset: numa_policy_rebind cleanup
Cleanup, reorganize and make more robust the mempolicy.c code to rebind
mempolicies relative to the containing cpuset after a tasks memory placement
changes.
The real motivator for this cleanup patch is to lay more groundwork for the
upcoming patch to correctly rebind NUMA mempolicies that are attached to vma's
after the containing cpuset memory placement changes.
NUMA mempolicies are constrained by the cpuset their task is a member of.
When either (1) a task is moved to a different cpuset, or (2) the 'mems'
mems_allowed of a cpuset is changed, then the NUMA mempolicies have embedded
node numbers (for MPOL_BIND, MPOL_INTERLEAVE and MPOL_PREFERRED) that need to
be recalculated, relative to their new cpuset placement.
The old code used an unreliable method of determining what was the old
mems_allowed constraining the mempolicy. It just looked at the tasks
mems_allowed value. This sort of worked with the present code, that just
rebinds the -task- mempolicy, and leaves any -vma- mempolicies broken,
referring to the old nodes. But in an upcoming patch, the vma mempolicies
will be rebound as well. Then the order in which the various task and vma
mempolicies are updated will no longer be deterministic, and one can no longer
count on the task->mems_allowed holding the old value for as long as needed.
It's not even clear if the current code was guaranteed to work reliably for
task mempolicies.
So I added a mems_allowed field to each mempolicy, stating exactly what
mems_allowed the policy is relative to, and updated synchronously and reliably
anytime that the mempolicy is rebound.
Also removed a useless wrapper routine, numa_policy_rebind(), and had its
caller, cpuset_update_task_memory_state(), call directly to the rewritten
policy_rebind() routine, and made that rebind routine extern instead of
static, and added a "mpol_" prefix to its name, making it
mpol_rebind_policy().
Signed-off-by: Paul Jackson <pj@sgi.com> Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@osdl.org> Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@osdl.org>
Paul Jackson [Sun, 8 Jan 2006 09:01:55 +0000 (01:01 -0800)]
[PATCH] cpuset: implement cpuset_mems_allowed
Provide a cpuset_mems_allowed() method, which the sys_migrate_pages() code
needed, to obtain the mems_allowed vector of a cpuset, and replaced the
workaround in sys_migrate_pages() to call this new method.
Signed-off-by: Paul Jackson <pj@sgi.com> Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@osdl.org> Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@osdl.org>
Paul Jackson [Sun, 8 Jan 2006 09:01:54 +0000 (01:01 -0800)]
[PATCH] cpuset: combine refresh_mems and update_mems
The important code paths through alloc_pages_current() and alloc_page_vma(),
by which most kernel page allocations go, both called
cpuset_update_current_mems_allowed(), which in turn called refresh_mems().
-Both- of these latter two routines did a tasklock, got the tasks cpuset
pointer, and checked for out of date cpuset->mems_generation.
That was a silly duplication of code and waste of CPU cycles on an important
code path.
Consolidated those two routines into a single routine, called
cpuset_update_task_memory_state(), since it updates more than just
mems_allowed.
Changed all callers of either routine to call the new consolidated routine.
Signed-off-by: Paul Jackson <pj@sgi.com> Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@osdl.org> Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@osdl.org>
Paul Jackson [Sun, 8 Jan 2006 09:01:53 +0000 (01:01 -0800)]
[PATCH] cpuset: fork hook fix
Fix obscure, never seen in real life, cpuset fork race. The cpuset_fork()
call in fork.c was setting up the correct task->cpuset pointer after the
tasklist_lock was dropped, which briefly exposed the newly forked process with
an unsafe (copied from parent without locks or usage counter increment) cpuset
pointer.
In theory, that exposed cpuset pointer could have been pointing at a cpuset
that was already freed and removed, and in theory another task that had been
sitting on the tasklist_lock waiting to scan the task list could have raced
down the entire tasklist, found our new child at the far end, and dereferenced
that bogus cpuset pointer.
To fix, setup up the correct cpuset pointer in the new child by calling
cpuset_fork() before the new task is linked into the tasklist, and with that,
add a fork failure case, to dereference that cpuset, if the fork fails along
the way, after cpuset_fork() was called.
Had to remove a BUG_ON() from cpuset_exit(), because it was no longer valid -
the call to cpuset_exit() from a failed fork would not have PF_EXITING set.
Signed-off-by: Paul Jackson <pj@sgi.com> Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@osdl.org> Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@osdl.org>
Paul Jackson [Sun, 8 Jan 2006 09:01:52 +0000 (01:01 -0800)]
[PATCH] cpuset: update_nodemask code reformat
Restructure code layout of the kernel/cpuset.c update_nodemask() routine,
removing embedded returns and nested if's in favor of goto completion labels.
This is being done in anticipation of adding more logic to this routine, which
will favor the goto style structure.
Signed-off-by: Paul Jackson <pj@sgi.com> Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@osdl.org> Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@osdl.org>
Paul Jackson [Sun, 8 Jan 2006 09:01:51 +0000 (01:01 -0800)]
[PATCH] cpuset: remove marker_pid documentation
Remove documentation for the cpuset 'marker_pid' feature, that was in the
patch "cpuset: change marker for relative numbering" That patch was previously
pulled from *-mm at my (pj) request.
Signed-off-by: Paul Jackson <pj@sgi.com> Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@osdl.org> Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@osdl.org>
Paul Jackson [Sun, 8 Jan 2006 09:01:49 +0000 (01:01 -0800)]
[PATCH] cpuset: memory pressure meter
Provide a simple per-cpuset metric of memory pressure, tracking the -rate-
that the tasks in a cpuset call try_to_free_pages(), the synchronous
(direct) memory reclaim code.
This enables batch managers monitoring jobs running in dedicated cpusets to
efficiently detect what level of memory pressure that job is causing.
This is useful both on tightly managed systems running a wide mix of
submitted jobs, which may choose to terminate or reprioritize jobs that are
trying to use more memory than allowed on the nodes assigned them, and with
tightly coupled, long running, massively parallel scientific computing jobs
that will dramatically fail to meet required performance goals if they
start to use more memory than allowed to them.
This patch just provides a very economical way for the batch manager to
monitor a cpuset for signs of memory pressure. It's up to the batch
manager or other user code to decide what to do about it and take action.
==> Unless this feature is enabled by writing "1" to the special file
/dev/cpuset/memory_pressure_enabled, the hook in the rebalance
code of __alloc_pages() for this metric reduces to simply noticing
that the cpuset_memory_pressure_enabled flag is zero. So only
systems that enable this feature will compute the metric.
Why a per-cpuset, running average:
Because this meter is per-cpuset, rather than per-task or mm, the
system load imposed by a batch scheduler monitoring this metric is
sharply reduced on large systems, because a scan of the tasklist can be
avoided on each set of queries.
Because this meter is a running average, instead of an accumulating
counter, a batch scheduler can detect memory pressure with a single
read, instead of having to read and accumulate results for a period of
time.
Because this meter is per-cpuset rather than per-task or mm, the
batch scheduler can obtain the key information, memory pressure in a
cpuset, with a single read, rather than having to query and accumulate
results over all the (dynamically changing) set of tasks in the cpuset.
A per-cpuset simple digital filter (requires a spinlock and 3 words of data
per-cpuset) is kept, and updated by any task attached to that cpuset, if it
enters the synchronous (direct) page reclaim code.
A per-cpuset file provides an integer number representing the recent
(half-life of 10 seconds) rate of direct page reclaims caused by the tasks
in the cpuset, in units of reclaims attempted per second, times 1000.
Signed-off-by: Paul Jackson <pj@sgi.com> Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@osdl.org> Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@osdl.org>
Paul Jackson [Sun, 8 Jan 2006 09:01:47 +0000 (01:01 -0800)]
[PATCH] cpuset: mempolicy one more nodemask conversion
Finish converting mm/mempolicy.c from bitmaps to nodemasks. The previous
conversion had left one routine using bitmaps, since it involved a
corresponding change to kernel/cpuset.c
Fix that interface by replacing with a simple macro that calls nodes_subset(),
or if !CONFIG_CPUSET, returns (1).
Signed-off-by: Paul Jackson <pj@sgi.com> Cc: Christoph Lameter <christoph@lameter.com> Cc: Andi Kleen <ak@muc.de> Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@osdl.org> Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@osdl.org>
Paul Jackson [Sun, 8 Jan 2006 09:01:46 +0000 (01:01 -0800)]
[PATCH] cpuset: better bitmap remap defaults
Fix the default behaviour for the remap operators in bitmap, cpumask and
nodemask.
As previously submitted, the pair of masks <A, B> defined a map of the
positions of the set bits in A to the corresponding bits in B. This is still
true.
The issue is how to map the other positions, corresponding to the unset (0)
bits in A. As previously submitted, they were all mapped to the first set bit
position in B, a constant map.
When I tried to code per-vma mempolicy rebinding using these remap operators,
I realized this was wrong.
This patch changes the default to map all the unset bit positions in A to the
same positions in B, the identity map.
For example, if A has bits 4-7 set, and B has bits 9-12 set, then the map
defined by the pair <A, B> maps each bit position in the first 32 bits as
follows:
This now corresponds to the typical behaviour desired when migrating pages and
policies from one cpuset to another.
The pages on nodes within the original cpuset, and the references in memory
policies to nodes within the original cpuset, are migrated to the
corresponding cpuset-relative nodes in the destination cpuset. Other pages
and node references are left untouched.
Signed-off-by: Paul Jackson <pj@sgi.com> Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@osdl.org> Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@osdl.org>
Matt Mackall [Sun, 8 Jan 2006 09:01:45 +0000 (01:01 -0800)]
[PATCH] slob: introduce the SLOB allocator
configurable replacement for slab allocator
This adds a CONFIG_SLAB option under CONFIG_EMBEDDED. When CONFIG_SLAB is
disabled, the kernel falls back to using the 'SLOB' allocator.
SLOB is a traditional K&R/UNIX allocator with a SLAB emulation layer,
similar to the original Linux kmalloc allocator that SLAB replaced. It's
signicantly smaller code and is more memory efficient. But like all
similar allocators, it scales poorly and suffers from fragmentation more
than SLAB, so it's only appropriate for small systems.
It's been tested extensively in the Linux-tiny tree. I've also
stress-tested it with make -j 8 compiles on a 3G SMP+PREEMPT box (not
recommended).
Here's a comparison for otherwise identical builds, showing SLOB saving
nearly half a megabyte of RAM:
$ size vmlinux*
text data bss dec hex filename 3336372 529360 190812 4056544 3de5e0 vmlinux-slab 3323208 527948 190684 4041840 3dac70 vmlinux-slob
$ size mm/{slab,slob}.o
text data bss dec hex filename
13221 752 48 14021 36c5 mm/slab.o
1896 52 8 1956 7a4 mm/slob.o
Nick Piggin [Sun, 8 Jan 2006 09:01:41 +0000 (01:01 -0800)]
[PATCH] radix tree: early termination of tag clearing
Correctly determine the tags to be cleared in radix_tree_delete() so we
don't keep moving up the tree clearing tags that we don't need to. For
example, if a tag is simply not set in the deleted item, nor anywhere up
the tree, radix_tree_delete() would attempt to clear it up the entire
height of the tree.
Also, tag_set() was made conditional so as not to dirty too many cachelines
high up in the radix tree. Instead, put this logic into
radix_tree_tag_set().
Signed-off-by: Nick Piggin <npiggin@suse.de> Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@osdl.org> Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@osdl.org>
Some simplification in checking signal delivery against concurrent exit.
Instead of using get_task_struct_rcu(), which increments the task_struct
reference count, check the reference count after acquiring sighand lock.
Signed-off-by: "Paul E. McKenney" <paulmck@us.ibm.com> Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@osdl.org> Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@osdl.org>
Ingo Molnar [Sun, 8 Jan 2006 09:01:37 +0000 (01:01 -0800)]
[PATCH] RCU signal handling
RCU tasklist_lock and RCU signal handling: send signals RCU-read-locked
instead of tasklist_lock read-locked. This is a scalability improvement on
SMP and a preemption-latency improvement under PREEMPT_RCU.
Signed-off-by: Paul E. McKenney <paulmck@us.ibm.com> Signed-off-by: Ingo Molnar <mingo@elte.hu> Acked-by: William Irwin <wli@holomorphy.com> Cc: Roland McGrath <roland@redhat.com> Cc: Oleg Nesterov <oleg@tv-sign.ru> Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@osdl.org> Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@osdl.org>
Applying RCU to the task structure broke oprofile, because
free_task_notify() can now be called from softirq. This means that the
task_mortuary lock must be acquired with irq disabled in order to avoid
intermittent self-deadlock. Since irq is now disabled, the critical
section within process_task_mortuary() has been restructured to be O(1) in
order to maximize scalability and minimize realtime latency degradation.
Kudos to Wu Fengguang for finding this problem!
CC: Wu Fengguang <wfg@mail.ustc.edu.cn> Cc: Philippe Elie <phil.el@wanadoo.fr> Cc: John Levon <levon@movementarian.org> Signed-off-by: "Paul E. McKenney" <paulmck@us.ibm.com> Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@osdl.org> Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@osdl.org>
Adrian Bunk [Sun, 8 Jan 2006 09:01:34 +0000 (01:01 -0800)]
[PATCH] uml: prevent MODE_SKAS=n and MODE_TT=n
If MODE_TT=n, MODE_SKAS must be y.
Signed-off-by: Adrian Bunk <bunk@stusta.de> Acked-by: Jeff Dike <jdike@addtoit.com> Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@osdl.org> Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@osdl.org>
Jeff Dike [Sun, 8 Jan 2006 09:01:33 +0000 (01:01 -0800)]
[PATCH] uml: whitespace cleanup
This fixes some mangled whitespace added by the earlier trap_user.c patch.
Signed-off-by: Jeff Dike <jdike@addtoit.com> Cc: Paolo 'Blaisorblade' Giarrusso <blaisorblade@yahoo.it> Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@osdl.org> Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@osdl.org>
Jeff Dike [Sun, 8 Jan 2006 09:01:32 +0000 (01:01 -0800)]
[PATCH] consolidate asm/futex.h
Most of the architectures have the same asm/futex.h. This consolidates them
into asm-generic, with the arches including it from their own asm/futex.h.
In the case of UML, this reverts the old broken futex.h and goes back to using
the same one as almost everyone else.
Signed-off-by: Jeff Dike <jdike@addtoit.com> Cc: Paolo 'Blaisorblade' Giarrusso <blaisorblade@yahoo.it> Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@osdl.org> Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@osdl.org>
[PATCH] Change maxaligned_in_smp alignemnt macros to internodealigned_in_smp macros
____cacheline_maxaligned_in_smp is currently used to align critical structures
and avoid false sharing. It uses per-arch L1_CACHE_SHIFT_MAX and people find
L1_CACHE_SHIFT_MAX useless.
However, we have been using ____cacheline_maxaligned_in_smp to align
structures on the internode cacheline size. As per Andi's suggestion,
following patch kills ____cacheline_maxaligned_in_smp and introduces
INTERNODE_CACHE_SHIFT, which defaults to L1_CACHE_SHIFT for all arches.
Arches needing L3/Internode cacheline alignment can define
INTERNODE_CACHE_SHIFT in the arch asm/cache.h. Patch replaces
____cacheline_maxaligned_in_smp with ____cacheline_internodealigned_in_smp
David Howells [Sun, 8 Jan 2006 09:01:23 +0000 (01:01 -0800)]
[PATCH] frv: force serial driver inclusion
Force the 8230 serial driver to be built in if the on-CPU UARTs are to be
used. It can't be used as a module because the arch setup needs to call into
it.
Signed-off-by: David Howells <dhowells@redhat.com> Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@osdl.org> Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@osdl.org>
[PATCH] fix Kconfig depends for cs89x0 (PNX010X support)
PNX010X support for CS89x0 should be conditional on NET_PCI, as it is an 'on
board controller' and NET_PCI includes that category of NICs. Since
ARCH_PNX0105 was recently changed to ARCH_PNX010X, incorporate that change as
well while we're at it.
[PATCH] cs89x0: cleanly implement ixdp2x01 and pnx0501 support
Implement suitable versions of the readword/writeword macros for ixdp2x01 and
pnx0501. Handle the 32-bit spacing of the registers in these functions
instead of in the header file.
[PATCH] cs89x0: make {read,write}word take base_addr
readword() and writeword() take a 'struct net_device *' and deref its
->base_addr member. Make them take the base_addr directly instead, so
that we can switch the other occurences of inw/outw in the file over
to readword/writeword as well.
[PATCH] Move page migration related functions near do_migrate_pages()
Group page migration functions in mempolicy.c
Add a forward declaration for migrate_page_add (like gather_stats()) and use
our new found mobility to group all page migration related function around
do_migrate_pages().
Signed-off-by: Christoph Lameter <clameter@sgi.com> Cc: Andi Kleen <ak@muc.de> Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@osdl.org> Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@osdl.org>
[PATCH] Drop page table lock before calling migrate_page_add()
migrate_page_add cannot be called with a spinlock held (calls
isolate_lru_page which calles schedule_on_each_cpu). Drop ptl lock in
check_pte_range before calling migrate_page_add().
Signed-off-by: Christoph Lameter <clameter@sgi.com> Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@osdl.org> Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@osdl.org>
[PATCH] mempolicies: private pointer in check_range and MPOL_MF_INVERT
This was was first posted at
http://marc.theaimsgroup.com/?l=linux-mm&m=113149240227584&w=2
(Part of this functionality is also contained in the direct migration
pathset. The functionality here is more generic and independent of that
patchset.)
- Add internal flags MPOL_MF_INVERT to control check_range() behavior.
- Replace the pagelist passed through by check_range by a general
private pointer that may be used for other purposes.
(The following patches will use that to merge numa_maps into
mempolicy.c and to better group the page migration code in
the policy layer)
- Improve some comments.
Signed-off-by: Christoph Lameter <clameter@sgi.com> Cc: Andi Kleen <ak@muc.de> Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@osdl.org> Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@osdl.org>
Paul Jackson [Sun, 8 Jan 2006 09:00:56 +0000 (01:00 -0800)]
[PATCH] cpusets: swap migration interface
Add a boolean "memory_migrate" to each cpuset, represented by a file
containing "0" or "1" in each directory below /dev/cpuset.
It defaults to false (file contains "0"). It can be set true by writing
"1" to the file.
If true, then anytime that a task is attached to the cpuset so marked, the
pages of that task will be moved to that cpuset, preserving, to the extent
practical, the cpuset-relative placement of the pages.
Also anytime that a cpuset so marked has its memory placement changed (by
writing to its "mems" file), the tasks in that cpuset will have their pages
moved to the cpusets new nodes, preserving, to the extent practical, the
cpuset-relative placement of the moved pages.
Signed-off-by: Paul Jackson <pj@sgi.com> Cc: Christoph Lameter <christoph@lameter.com> Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@osdl.org> Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@osdl.org>
[PATCH] SwapMig: Extend parameters for migrate_pages()
Extend the parameters of migrate_pages() to allow the caller control over the
fate of successfully migrated or impossible to migrate pages.
Swap migration and direct migration will have the same interface after this
patch so that patches can be independently applied to the policy layer and the
core migration code.
Signed-off-by: Christoph Lameter <clameter@sgi.com> Cc: Andi Kleen <ak@muc.de> Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@osdl.org> Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@osdl.org>
If a page is encountered that is only referenced by the migration code then
there is no reason to swap or migrate the page. Release the page by calling
move_to_lru().
Signed-off-by: Christoph Lameter <clameter@sgi.com> Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@osdl.org> Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@osdl.org>
add_to_swap does allocations with GFP_ATOMIC in order not to interfere with
swapping. During migration we may have use add_to_swap extensively which may
lead to out of memory errors.
This patch makes add_to_swap take a parameter that specifies the gfp mask.
The page migration code can then make add_to_swap use GFP_KERNEL.
Signed-off-by: Hirokazu Takahashi <taka@valinux.co.jp> Signed-off-by: Dave Hansen <haveblue@us.ibm.com> Signed-off-by: Christoph Lameter <clameter@sgi.com> Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@osdl.org> Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@osdl.org>
sys_migrate_pages implementation using swap based page migration
This is the original API proposed by Ray Bryant in his posts during the first
half of 2005 on linux-mm@kvack.org and linux-kernel@vger.kernel.org.
The intent of sys_migrate is to migrate memory of a process. A process may
have migrated to another node. Memory was allocated optimally for the prior
context. sys_migrate_pages allows to shift the memory to the new node.
sys_migrate_pages is also useful if the processes available memory nodes have
changed through cpuset operations to manually move the processes memory. Paul
Jackson is working on an automated mechanism that will allow an automatic
migration if the cpuset of a process is changed. However, a user may decide
to manually control the migration.
This implementation is put into the policy layer since it uses concepts and
functions that are also needed for mbind and friends. The patch also provides
a do_migrate_pages function that may be useful for cpusets to automatically
move memory. sys_migrate_pages does not modify policies in contrast to Ray's
implementation.
The current code here is based on the swap based page migration capability and
thus is not able to preserve the physical layout relative to it containing
nodeset (which may be a cpuset). When direct page migration becomes available
then the implementation needs to be changed to do a isomorphic move of pages
between different nodesets. The current implementation simply evicts all
pages in source nodeset that are not in the target nodeset.
Patch supports ia64, i386 and x86_64.
Signed-off-by: Christoph Lameter <clameter@sgi.com> Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@osdl.org> Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@osdl.org>
Add page migration support via swap to the NUMA policy layer
This patch adds page migration support to the NUMA policy layer. An
additional flag MPOL_MF_MOVE is introduced for mbind. If MPOL_MF_MOVE is
specified then pages that do not conform to the memory policy will be evicted
from memory. When they get pages back in new pages will be allocated
following the numa policy.
Signed-off-by: Christoph Lameter <clameter@sgi.com> Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@osdl.org> Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@osdl.org>
[PATCH] Swap Migration V5: migrate_pages() function
This adds the basic page migration function with a minimal implementation that
only allows the eviction of pages to swap space.
Page eviction and migration may be useful to migrate pages, to suspend
programs or for remapping single pages (useful for faulty pages or pages with
soft ECC failures)
The process is as follows:
The function wanting to migrate pages must first build a list of pages to be
migrated or evicted and take them off the lru lists via isolate_lru_page().
isolate_lru_page determines that a page is freeable based on the LRU bit set.
Then the actual migration or swapout can happen by calling migrate_pages().
migrate_pages does its best to migrate or swapout the pages and does multiple
passes over the list. Some pages may only be swappable if they are not dirty.
migrate_pages may start writing out dirty pages in the initial passes over
the pages. However, migrate_pages may not be able to migrate or evict all
pages for a variety of reasons.
The remaining pages may be returned to the LRU lists using putback_lru_pages().
Changelog V4->V5:
- Use the lru caches to return pages to the LRU
Changelog V3->V4:
- Restructure code so that applying patches to support full migration does
require minimal changes. Rename swapout_pages() to migrate_pages().
Changelog V2->V3:
- Extract common code from shrink_list() and swapout_pages()
Signed-off-by: Mike Kravetz <kravetz@us.ibm.com> Signed-off-by: Christoph Lameter <clameter@sgi.com> Cc: "Michael Kerrisk" <mtk-manpages@gmx.net> Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@osdl.org> Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@osdl.org>
This is the start of the `swap migration' patch series.
Swap migration allows the moving of the physical location of pages between
nodes in a numa system while the process is running. This means that the
virtual addresses that the process sees do not change. However, the system
rearranges the physical location of those pages.
The main intent of page migration patches here is to reduce the latency of
memory access by moving pages near to the processor where the process
accessing that memory is running.
The patchset allows a process to manually relocate the node on which its
pages are located through the MF_MOVE and MF_MOVE_ALL options while
setting a new memory policy.
The pages of process can also be relocated from another process using the
sys_migrate_pages() function call. Requires CAP_SYS_ADMIN. The migrate_pages
function call takes two sets of nodes and moves pages of a process that are
located on the from nodes to the destination nodes.
Manual migration is very useful if for example the scheduler has relocated a
process to a processor on a distant node. A batch scheduler or an
administrator can detect the situation and move the pages of the process
nearer to the new processor.
sys_migrate_pages() could be used on non-numa machines as well, to force all
of a particualr process's pages out to swap, if someone thinks that's useful.
Larger installations usually partition the system using cpusets into sections
of nodes. Paul has equipped cpusets with the ability to move pages when a
task is moved to another cpuset. This allows automatic control over locality
of a process. If a task is moved to a new cpuset then also all its pages are
moved with it so that the performance of the process does not sink
dramatically (as is the case today).
Swap migration works by simply evicting the page. The pages must be faulted
back in. The pages are then typically reallocated by the system near the node
where the process is executing.
For swap migration the destination of the move is controlled by the allocation
policy. Cpusets set the allocation policy before calling sys_migrate_pages()
in order to move the pages as intended.
No allocation policy changes are performed for sys_migrate_pages(). This
means that the pages may not faulted in to the specified nodes if no
allocation policy was set by other means. The pages will just end up near the
node where the fault occurred.
There's another patch series in the pipeline which implements "direct
migration".
The direct migration patchset extends the migration functionality to avoid
going through swap. The destination node of the relation is controllable
during the actual moving of pages. The crutch of using the allocation policy
to relocate is not necessary and the pages are moved directly to the target.
Its also faster since swap is not used.
And sys_migrate_pages() can then move pages directly to the specified node.
Implement functions to isolate pages from the LRU and put them back later.
This patch:
An earlier implementation was provided by Hirokazu Takahashi
<taka@valinux.co.jp> and IWAMOTO Toshihiro <iwamoto@valinux.co.jp> for the
memory hotplug project.
From: Magnus
This breaks out isolate_lru_page() and putpack_lru_page(). Needed for swap
migration.
Signed-off-by: Magnus Damm <magnus.damm@gmail.com> Signed-off-by: Christoph Lameter <clameter@sgi.com> Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@osdl.org> Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@osdl.org>
swap migration's isolate_lru_page() currently uses an IPI to notify other
processors that the lru caches need to be drained if the page cannot be
found on the LRU. The IPI interrupt may interrupt a processor that is just
processing lru requests and cause a race condition.
This patch introduces a new function run_on_each_cpu() that uses the
keventd() to run the LRU draining on each processor. Processors disable
preemption when dealing the LRU caches (these are per processor) and thus
executing LRU draining from another process is safe.
Thanks to Lee Schermerhorn <lee.schermerhorn@hp.com> for finding this race
condition.
Signed-off-by: Christoph Lameter <clameter@sgi.com> Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@osdl.org> Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@osdl.org>
Nick Piggin [Sun, 8 Jan 2006 09:00:42 +0000 (01:00 -0800)]
[PATCH] mm: free_pages opt
Try to streamline free_pages_bulk by ensuring callers don't pass in a
'count' that exceeds the list size.
Some cleanups:
Rename __free_pages_bulk to __free_one_page.
Put the page list manipulation from __free_pages_ok into free_one_page.
Make __free_pages_ok static.
Signed-off-by: Nick Piggin <npiggin@suse.de> Cc: Hugh Dickins <hugh@veritas.com> Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@osdl.org> Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@osdl.org>
Rohit Seth [Sun, 8 Jan 2006 09:00:40 +0000 (01:00 -0800)]
[PATCH] Make high and batch sizes of per_cpu_pagelists configurable
As recently there has been lot of traffic on the right values for batch and
high water marks for per_cpu_pagelists. This patch makes these two
variables configurable through /proc interface.
A new tunable /proc/sys/vm/percpu_pagelist_fraction is added. This entry
controls the fraction of pages at most in each zone that are allocated for
each per cpu page list. The min value for this is 8. It means that we
don't allow more than 1/8th of pages in each zone to be allocated in any
single per_cpu_pagelist.
The batch value of each per cpu pagelist is also updated as a result. It
is set to pcp->high/4. The upper limit of batch is (PAGE_SHIFT * 8)
Andrew Morton [Sun, 8 Jan 2006 09:00:39 +0000 (01:00 -0800)]
[PATCH] drop-pagecache
Add /proc/sys/vm/drop_caches. When written to, this will cause the kernel to
discard as much pagecache and/or reclaimable slab objects as it can. THis
operation requires root permissions.
It won't drop dirty data, so the user should run `sync' first.
Caveats:
a) Holds inode_lock for exorbitant amounts of time.
b) Needs to be taught about NUMA nodes: propagate these all the way through
so the discarding can be controlled on a per-node basis.
This is a debugging feature: useful for getting consistent results between
filesystem benchmarks. We could possibly put it under a config option, but
it's less than 300 bytes.
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@osdl.org> Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@osdl.org>
Pekka Enberg [Sun, 8 Jan 2006 09:00:36 +0000 (01:00 -0800)]
[PATCH] slab: extract slab order calculation to separate function
This patch moves the ugly loop that determines the 'optimal' size (page order)
of cache slabs from kmem_cache_create() to a separate function and cleans it
up a bit.
Thanks to Matthew Wilcox for the help with this patch.
Signed-off-by: Matthew Dobson <colpatch@us.ibm.com> Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@osdl.org> Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@osdl.org>
Pekka Enberg [Sun, 8 Jan 2006 09:00:33 +0000 (01:00 -0800)]
[PATCH] slab: remove unused align parameter from alloc_percpu
__alloc_percpu and alloc_percpu both take an 'align' argument which is
completely ignored. snmp6_mib_init() in net/ipv6/af_inet6.c attempts to use
it, but it will be ignored. Therefore, remove the 'align' argument and fixup
the lone caller.
Signed-off-by: Matthew Dobson <colpatch@us.ibm.com> Acked-by: Manfred Spraul <manfred@colorfullife.com> Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@osdl.org> Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@osdl.org>
Olaf Hering [Sun, 8 Jan 2006 09:00:32 +0000 (01:00 -0800)]
[PATCH] Fix compilation with CONFIG_MEMORY_HOTPLUG=y and gcc41.
Fix compilation with CONFIG_MEMORY_HOTPLUG=y and gcc41.
Also remove unneeded declations, add a public function.
drivers/base/memory.c:53: error: static declaration of 'register_memory_notifier' follows non-static declaration
include/linux/memory.h:85: error: previous declaration of 'register_memory_notifier' was here
drivers/base/memory.c:58: error: static declaration of 'unregister_memory_notifier' follows non-static declaration
include/linux/memory.h:86: error: previous declaration of 'unregister_memory_notifier' was here
drivers/base/memory.c:68: error: static declaration of 'register_memory' follows non-static declaration
include/linux/memory.h:73: error: previous declaration of 'register_memory' was here
Signed-off-by: Olaf Hering <olh@suse.de> Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@osdl.org> Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@osdl.org>
Woody Suwalski [Sun, 8 Jan 2006 09:00:31 +0000 (01:00 -0800)]
[PATCH] ARM Netwinder watchdog wdt977 update
Cleanup for the ARM-only watchdog driver wdt977.
This is probably the last update, since we want to merge with w83977f_wdt.
Jose Goncalves has ported this driver to i386, so probably we can iron out
configuration differences.
Signed-off-by: Woody Suwalski <woodys@xandros.com> Cc: Russell King <rmk@arm.linux.org.uk> Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@osdl.org> Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@osdl.org>
Adrian Bunk [Sat, 7 Jan 2006 21:24:25 +0000 (13:24 -0800)]
[IPV6]: small cleanups
This patch contains the following cleanups:
- addrconf.c: make addrconf_dad_stop() static
- inet6_connection_sock.c should #include <net/inet6_connection_sock.h>
for getting the prototypes of it's global functions
Signed-off-by: Adrian Bunk <bunk@stusta.de> Signed-off-by: David S. Miller <davem@davemloft.net>
Patrick McHardy [Sat, 7 Jan 2006 07:06:30 +0000 (23:06 -0800)]
[NETFILTER]: Handle NAT in IPsec policy checks
Handle NAT of decapsulated IPsec packets by reconstructing the struct flowi
of the original packet from the conntrack information for IPsec policy
checks.
Signed-off-by: Patrick McHardy <kaber@trash.net> Signed-off-by: David S. Miller <davem@davemloft.net>
Patrick McHardy [Sat, 7 Jan 2006 07:06:10 +0000 (23:06 -0800)]
[NETFILTER]: Keep conntrack reference until IPsec policy checks are done
Keep the conntrack reference until policy checks have been performed for
IPsec NAT support. The reference needs to be dropped before a packet is
queued to avoid having the conntrack module unloadable.
Signed-off-by: Patrick McHardy <kaber@trash.net> Signed-off-by: David S. Miller <davem@davemloft.net>
projects / linux-2.6 / log