--- /dev/null
+.\" -*- nroff -*-
+.\" Copyright 1993, 1994, 1995 by Theodore Ts'o. All Rights Reserved.
+.\" This file may be copied under the terms of the GNU Public License.
+.\"
+.TH FSCK 8 "February 2009" "Linux" "MAINTENANCE COMMANDS"
+.SH NAME
+fsck \- check and repair a Linux file system
+.SH SYNOPSIS
+.B fsck
+[
+.B \-sAVRTMNP
+]
+[
+.B \-C
+[
+.I fd
+]
+]
+[
+.B \-t
+.I fstype
+]
+.I [filesys ... ]
+[\-\-] [
+.B fs-specific-options
+]
+.SH DESCRIPTION
+.B fsck
+is used to check and optionally repair one or more Linux file systems.
+.I filesys
+can be a device name (e.g.
+.IR /dev/hdc1 ", " /dev/sdb2 ),
+a mount point (e.g.
+.IR / ", " /usr ", " /home ),
+or an ext2 label or UUID specifier (e.g.
+UUID=8868abf6-88c5-4a83-98b8-bfc24057f7bd or LABEL=root).
+Normally, the
+.B fsck
+program will try to handle filesystems on different physical disk drives
+in parallel to reduce the total amount of time needed to check all of the
+filesystems.
+.PP
+If no filesystems are specified on the command line, and the
+.B \-A
+option is not specified,
+.B fsck
+will default to checking filesystems in
+.B /etc/fstab
+serially. This is equivalent to the
+.B \-As
+options.
+.PP
+The exit code returned by
+.B fsck
+is the sum of the following conditions:
+.br
+\ 0\ \-\ No errors
+.br
+\ 1\ \-\ File system errors corrected
+.br
+\ 2\ \-\ System should be rebooted
+.br
+\ 4\ \-\ File system errors left uncorrected
+.br
+\ 8\ \-\ Operational error
+.br
+\ 16\ \-\ Usage or syntax error
+.br
+\ 32\ \-\ Fsck canceled by user request
+.br
+\ 128\ \-\ Shared library error
+.br
+The exit code returned when multiple file systems are checked
+is the bit-wise OR of the exit codes for each
+file system that is checked.
+.PP
+In actuality,
+.B fsck
+is simply a front-end for the various file system checkers
+(\fBfsck\fR.\fIfstype\fR) available under Linux. The file
+system-specific checker is searched for in
+.I /sbin
+first, then in
+.I /etc/fs
+and
+.IR /etc ,
+and finally in the directories listed in the PATH environment
+variable. Please see the file system-specific checker manual pages for
+further details.
+.SH OPTIONS
+.TP
+.B \-s
+Serialize
+.B fsck
+operations. This is a good idea if you are checking multiple
+filesystems and the checkers are in an interactive mode. (Note:
+.BR e2fsck (8)
+runs in an interactive mode by default. To make
+.BR e2fsck (8)
+run in a non-interactive mode, you must either specify the
+.B \-p
+or
+.B \-a
+option, if you wish for errors to be corrected automatically, or the
+.B \-n
+option if you do not.)
+.TP
+.BI \-t " fslist"
+Specifies the type(s) of file system to be checked. When the
+.B \-A
+flag is specified, only filesystems that match
+.I fslist
+are checked. The
+.I fslist
+parameter is a comma-separated list of filesystems and options
+specifiers. All of the filesystems in this comma-separated list may be
+prefixed by a negation operator
+.RB ' no '
+or
+.RB ' ! ',
+which requests that only those filesystems not listed in
+.I fslist
+will be checked. If all of the filesystems in
+.I fslist
+are not prefixed by a negation operator, then only those filesystems
+listed
+in
+.I fslist
+will be checked.
+.sp
+Options specifiers may be included in the comma-separated
+.IR fslist .
+They must have the format
+.BI opts= fs-option\fR.
+If an options specifier is present, then only filesystems which contain
+.I fs-option
+in their mount options field of
+.B /etc/fstab
+will be checked. If the options specifier is prefixed by a negation
+operator, then only
+those filesystems that do not have
+.I fs-option
+in their mount options field of
+.B /etc/fstab
+will be checked.
+.sp
+For example, if
+.B opts=ro
+appears in
+.IR fslist ,
+then only filesystems listed in
+.B /etc/fstab
+with the
+.B ro
+option will be checked.
+.sp
+For compatibility with Mandrake distributions whose boot scripts
+depend upon an unauthorized UI change to the
+.B fsck
+program, if a filesystem type of
+.B loop
+is found in
+.IR fslist ,
+it is treated as if
+.B opts=loop
+were specified as an argument to the
+.B \-t
+option.
+.sp
+Normally, the filesystem type is deduced by searching for
+.I filesys
+in the
+.I /etc/fstab
+file and using the corresponding entry.
+If the type can not be deduced, and there is only a single filesystem
+given as an argument to the
+.B \-t
+option,
+.B fsck
+will use the specified filesystem type. If this type is not
+available, then the default file system type (currently ext2) is used.
+.TP
+.B \-A
+Walk through the
+.I /etc/fstab
+file and try to check all file systems in one run. This option is
+typically used from the
+.I /etc/rc
+system initialization file, instead of multiple commands for checking
+a single file system.
+.sp
+The root filesystem will be checked first unless the
+.B \-P
+option is specified (see below). After that,
+filesystems will be checked in the order specified by the
+.I fs_passno
+(the sixth) field in the
+.I /etc/fstab
+file.
+Filesystems with a
+.I fs_passno
+value of 0 are skipped and are not checked at all. Filesystems with a
+.I fs_passno
+value of greater than zero will be checked in order,
+with filesystems with the lowest
+.I fs_passno
+number being checked first.
+If there are multiple filesystems with the same pass number,
+fsck will attempt to check them in parallel, although it will avoid running
+multiple filesystem checks on the same physical disk.
+.sp
+Hence, a very common configuration in
+.I /etc/fstab
+files is to set the root filesystem to have a
+.I fs_passno
+value of 1
+and to set all other filesystems to have a
+.I fs_passno
+value of 2. This will allow
+.B fsck
+to automatically run filesystem checkers in parallel if it is advantageous
+to do so. System administrators might choose
+not to use this configuration if they need to avoid multiple filesystem
+checks running in parallel for some reason --- for example, if the
+machine in question is short on memory so that
+excessive paging is a concern.
+.TP
+.B \-C\fR [ \fI "fd" \fR ]
+Display completion/progress bars for those filesystem checkers (currently
+only for ext2 and ext3) which support them. Fsck will manage the
+filesystem checkers so that only one of them will display
+a progress bar at a time. GUI front-ends may specify a file descriptor
+.IR fd ,
+in which case the progress bar information will be sent to that file descriptor.
+.TP
+.B \-M
+Do not check mounted filesystems and return an exit code of 0
+for mounted filesystems.
+.TP
+.B \-N
+Don't execute, just show what would be done.
+.TP
+.B \-P
+When the
+.B \-A
+flag is set, check the root filesystem in parallel with the other filesystems.
+This is not the safest thing in the world to do,
+since if the root filesystem is in doubt things like the
+.BR e2fsck (8)
+executable might be corrupted! This option is mainly provided
+for those sysadmins who don't want to repartition the root
+filesystem to be small and compact (which is really the right solution).
+.TP
+.B \-R
+When checking all file systems with the
+.B \-A
+flag, skip the root file system (in case it's already mounted read-write).
+.TP
+.B \-T
+Don't show the title on startup.
+.TP
+.B \-V
+Produce verbose output, including all file system-specific commands
+that are executed.
+.TP
+.B fs-specific-options
+Options which are not understood by
+.B fsck
+are passed to the filesystem-specific checker. These arguments
+.B must
+not take arguments, as there is no
+way for
+.B fsck
+to be able to properly guess which arguments take options and which
+don't.
+.IP
+Options and arguments which follow the
+.B \-\-
+are treated as file system-specific options to be passed to the
+file system-specific checker.
+.IP
+Please note that fsck is not
+designed to pass arbitrarily complicated options to filesystem-specific
+checkers. If you're doing something complicated, please just
+execute the filesystem-specific checker directly. If you pass
+.B fsck
+some horribly complicated option and arguments, and it doesn't do
+what you expect,
+.B don't bother reporting it as a bug.
+You're almost certainly doing something that you shouldn't be doing
+with
+.BR fsck.
+.PP
+Options to different filesystem-specific fsck's are not standardized.
+If in doubt, please consult the man pages of the filesystem-specific
+checker. Although not guaranteed, the following options are supported
+by most file system checkers:
+.TP
+.B \-a
+Automatically repair the file system without any questions (use
+this option with caution). Note that
+.BR e2fsck (8)
+supports
+.B \-a
+for backwards compatibility only. This option is mapped to
+.BR e2fsck 's
+.B \-p
+option which is safe to use, unlike the
+.B \-a
+option that some file system checkers support.
+.TP
+.B \-n
+For some filesystem-specific checkers, the
+.B \-n
+option will cause the fs-specific fsck to avoid attempting to repair any
+problems, but simply report such problems to stdout. This is however
+not true for all filesystem-specific checkers. In particular,
+.BR fsck.reiserfs (8)
+will not report any corruption if given this option.
+.BR fsck.minix (8)
+does not support the
+.B \-n
+option at all.
+.TP
+.B \-r
+Interactively repair the filesystem (ask for confirmations). Note: It
+is generally a bad idea to use this option if multiple fsck's are being
+run in parallel. Also note that this is
+.BR e2fsck 's
+default behavior; it supports this option for backwards compatibility
+reasons only.
+.TP
+.B \-y
+For some filesystem-specific checkers, the
+.B \-y
+option will cause the fs-specific fsck to always attempt to fix any
+detected filesystem corruption automatically. Sometimes an expert may
+be able to do better driving the fsck manually. Note that
+.B not
+all filesystem-specific checkers implement this option. In particular
+.BR fsck.minix (8)
+and
+.BR fsck.cramfs (8)
+does not support the
+.B -y
+option as of this writing.
+.SH AUTHOR
+Theodore Ts'o (tytso@mit.edu)
+.SH AVAILABILITY
+The blkid command is part of the util-linux-ng package and is available from
+ftp://ftp.kernel.org/pub/linux/utils/util-linux-ng/.
+.SH FILES
+.IR /etc/fstab .
+.SH ENVIRONMENT VARIABLES
+The
+.B fsck
+program's behavior is affected by the following environment variables:
+.TP
+.B FSCK_FORCE_ALL_PARALLEL
+If this environment variable is set,
+.B fsck
+will attempt to run all of the specified filesystems in parallel,
+regardless of whether the filesystems appear to be on the same
+device. (This is useful for RAID systems or high-end storage systems
+such as those sold by companies such as IBM or EMC.)
+.TP
+.B FSCK_MAX_INST
+This environment variable will limit the maximum number of file system
+checkers that can be running at one time. This allows configurations
+which have a large number of disks to avoid
+.B fsck
+starting too many file system checkers at once, which might overload
+CPU and memory resources available on the system. If this value is
+zero, then an unlimited number of processes can be spawned. This is
+currently the default, but future versions of
+.B fsck
+may attempt to automatically determine how many file system checks can
+be run based on gathering accounting data from the operating system.
+.TP
+.B PATH
+The
+.B PATH
+environment variable is used to find file system checkers. A set of
+system directories are searched first:
+.BR /sbin ,
+.BR /sbin/fs.d ,
+.BR /sbin/fs ,
+.BR /etc/fs ,
+and
+.BR /etc .
+Then the set of directories found in the
+.B PATH
+environment are searched.
+.TP
+.B FSTAB_FILE
+This environment variable allows the system administrator
+to override the standard location of the
+.B /etc/fstab
+file. It is also useful for developers who are testing
+.BR fsck .
+.SH SEE ALSO
+.BR fstab (5),
+.BR mkfs (8),
+.BR fsck.ext2 (8)
+or
+.BR fsck.ext3 (8)
+or
+.BR e2fsck (8),
+.BR cramfsck (8),
+.BR fsck.minix (8),
+.BR fsck.msdos (8),
+.BR fsck.jfs (8),
+.BR fsck.nfs (8),
+.BR fsck.vfat (8),
+.BR fsck.xfs (8),
+.BR fsck.xiafs (8),
+.BR reiserfsck (8).
--- /dev/null
+/*
+ * pfsck --- A generic, parallelizing front-end for the fsck program.
+ * It will automatically try to run fsck programs in parallel if the
+ * devices are on separate spindles. It is based on the same ideas as
+ * the generic front end for fsck by David Engel and Fred van Kempen,
+ * but it has been completely rewritten from scratch to support
+ * parallel execution.
+ *
+ * Written by Theodore Ts'o, <tytso@mit.edu>
+ *
+ * Miquel van Smoorenburg (miquels@drinkel.ow.org) 20-Oct-1994:
+ * o Changed -t fstype to behave like with mount when -A (all file
+ * systems) or -M (like mount) is specified.
+ * o fsck looks if it can find the fsck.type program to decide
+ * if it should ignore the fs type. This way more fsck programs
+ * can be added without changing this front-end.
+ * o -R flag skip root file system.
+ *
+ * Copyright (C) 1993, 1994, 1995, 1996, 1997, 1998, 1999, 2000,
+ * 2001, 2002, 2003, 2004, 2005 by Theodore Ts'o.
+ *
+ * Copyright (C) 2009 Karel Zak <kzak@redhat.com>
+ *
+ * This file may be redistributed under the terms of the GNU Public
+ * License.
+ */
+
+#define _XOPEN_SOURCE 600 /* for inclusion of sa_handler in Solaris */
+
+#include <sys/types.h>
+#include <sys/wait.h>
+#include <sys/signal.h>
+#include <sys/stat.h>
+#include <limits.h>
+#include <stdio.h>
+#include <ctype.h>
+#include <string.h>
+#include <time.h>
+#include <stdlib.h>
+#include <errno.h>
+#include <paths.h>
+#include <unistd.h>
+#include <errno.h>
+#include <malloc.h>
+#include <signal.h>
+
+#include <blkid.h>
+
+#include "nls.h"
+#include "pathnames.h"
+#include "ismounted.h"
+
+#include "fsck.h"
+
+static const char *ignored_types[] = {
+ "ignore",
+ "iso9660",
+ "nfs",
+ "proc",
+ "sw",
+ "swap",
+ "tmpfs",
+ "devpts",
+ NULL
+};
+
+static const char *really_wanted[] = {
+ "minix",
+ "ext2",
+ "ext3",
+ "ext4",
+ "ext4dev",
+ "jfs",
+ "reiserfs",
+ "xiafs",
+ "xfs",
+ NULL
+};
+
+#define BASE_MD "/dev/md"
+
+/*
+ * Global variables for options
+ */
+char *devices[MAX_DEVICES];
+char *args[MAX_ARGS];
+int num_devices, num_args;
+
+int verbose = 0;
+int doall = 0;
+int noexecute = 0;
+int serialize = 0;
+int skip_root = 0;
+int ignore_mounted = 0;
+int notitle = 0;
+int parallel_root = 0;
+int progress = 0;
+int progress_fd = 0;
+int force_all_parallel = 0;
+int num_running = 0;
+int max_running = 0;
+volatile int cancel_requested = 0;
+int kill_sent = 0;
+char *progname;
+char *fstype = NULL;
+struct fs_info *filesys_info = NULL, *filesys_last = NULL;
+struct fsck_instance *instance_list;
+const char *fsck_prefix_path = "/sbin:/sbin/fs.d:/sbin/fs:/etc/fs:/etc";
+char *fsck_path = 0;
+blkid_cache cache = NULL;
+
+static char *string_copy(const char *s)
+{
+ char *ret;
+
+ if (!s)
+ return 0;
+ ret = malloc(strlen(s)+1);
+ if (ret)
+ strcpy(ret, s);
+ return ret;
+}
+
+static int string_to_int(const char *s)
+{
+ long l;
+ char *p;
+
+ l = strtol(s, &p, 0);
+ if (*p || l == LONG_MIN || l == LONG_MAX || l < 0 || l > INT_MAX)
+ return -1;
+ else
+ return (int) l;
+}
+
+static int ignore(struct fs_info *);
+
+static char *skip_over_blank(char *cp)
+{
+ while (*cp && isspace(*cp))
+ cp++;
+ return cp;
+}
+
+static char *skip_over_word(char *cp)
+{
+ while (*cp && !isspace(*cp))
+ cp++;
+ return cp;
+}
+
+static void strip_line(char *line)
+{
+ char *p;
+
+ while (*line) {
+ p = line + strlen(line) - 1;
+ if ((*p == '\n') || (*p == '\r'))
+ *p = 0;
+ else
+ break;
+ }
+}
+
+static char *parse_word(char **buf)
+{
+ char *word, *next;
+
+ word = *buf;
+ if (*word == 0)
+ return 0;
+
+ word = skip_over_blank(word);
+ next = skip_over_word(word);
+ if (*next)
+ *next++ = 0;
+ *buf = next;
+ return word;
+}
+
+static void parse_escape(char *word)
+{
+ char *p, *q;
+ int ac, i;
+
+ if (!word)
+ return;
+
+ for (p = word, q = word; *p; p++, q++) {
+ *q = *p;
+ if (*p != '\\')
+ continue;
+ if (*++p == 0)
+ break;
+ if (*p == 't') {
+ *q = '\t';
+ continue;
+ }
+ if (*p == 'n') {
+ *q = '\n';
+ continue;
+ }
+ if (!isdigit(*p)) {
+ *q = *p;
+ continue;
+ }
+ ac = 0;
+ for (i = 0; i < 3; i++, p++) {
+ if (!isdigit(*p))
+ break;
+ ac = (ac * 8) + (*p - '0');
+ }
+ *q = ac;
+ p--;
+ }
+ *q = 0;
+}
+
+static void free_instance(struct fsck_instance *i)
+{
+ if (i->prog)
+ free(i->prog);
+ if (i->device)
+ free(i->device);
+ if (i->base_device)
+ free(i->base_device);
+ free(i);
+ return;
+}
+
+static struct fs_info *create_fs_device(const char *device, const char *mntpnt,
+ const char *type, const char *opts,
+ int freq, int passno)
+{
+ struct fs_info *fs;
+
+ if (!(fs = malloc(sizeof(struct fs_info))))
+ return NULL;
+
+ fs->device = string_copy(device);
+ fs->mountpt = string_copy(mntpnt);
+ fs->type = string_copy(type);
+ fs->opts = string_copy(opts ? opts : "");
+ fs->freq = freq;
+ fs->passno = passno;
+ fs->flags = 0;
+ fs->next = NULL;
+
+ if (!filesys_info)
+ filesys_info = fs;
+ else
+ filesys_last->next = fs;
+ filesys_last = fs;
+
+ return fs;
+}
+
+
+
+static int parse_fstab_line(char *line, struct fs_info **ret_fs)
+{
+ char *dev, *device, *mntpnt, *type, *opts, *freq, *passno, *cp;
+ struct fs_info *fs;
+
+ *ret_fs = 0;
+ strip_line(line);
+ cp = line;
+
+ device = parse_word(&cp);
+ if (!device || *device == '#')
+ return 0; /* Ignore blank lines and comments */
+ mntpnt = parse_word(&cp);
+ type = parse_word(&cp);
+ opts = parse_word(&cp);
+ freq = parse_word(&cp);
+ passno = parse_word(&cp);
+
+ if (!mntpnt || !type)
+ return -1;
+
+ parse_escape(device);
+ parse_escape(mntpnt);
+ parse_escape(type);
+ parse_escape(opts);
+ parse_escape(freq);
+ parse_escape(passno);
+
+ dev = blkid_get_devname(cache, device, NULL);
+ if (dev)
+ device = dev;
+
+ if (strchr(type, ','))
+ type = 0;
+
+ fs = create_fs_device(device, mntpnt, type ? type : "auto", opts,
+ freq ? atoi(freq) : -1,
+ passno ? atoi(passno) : -1);
+ if (dev)
+ free(dev);
+
+ if (!fs)
+ return -1;
+ *ret_fs = fs;
+ return 0;
+}
+
+static void interpret_type(struct fs_info *fs)
+{
+ char *t;
+
+ if (strcmp(fs->type, "auto") != 0)
+ return;
+ t = blkid_get_tag_value(cache, "TYPE", fs->device);
+ if (t) {
+ free(fs->type);
+ fs->type = t;
+ }
+}
+
+/*
+ * Load the filesystem database from /etc/fstab
+ */
+static void load_fs_info(const char *filename)
+{
+ FILE *f;
+ char buf[1024];
+ int lineno = 0;
+ int old_fstab = 1;
+ struct fs_info *fs;
+
+ if ((f = fopen(filename, "r")) == NULL) {
+ fprintf(stderr, _("WARNING: couldn't open %s: %s\n"),
+ filename, strerror(errno));
+ return;
+ }
+ while (!feof(f)) {
+ lineno++;
+ if (!fgets(buf, sizeof(buf), f))
+ break;
+ buf[sizeof(buf)-1] = 0;
+ if (parse_fstab_line(buf, &fs) < 0) {
+ fprintf(stderr, _("WARNING: bad format "
+ "on line %d of %s\n"), lineno, filename);
+ continue;
+ }
+ if (!fs)
+ continue;
+ if (fs->passno < 0)
+ fs->passno = 0;
+ else
+ old_fstab = 0;
+ }
+
+ fclose(f);
+
+ if (old_fstab && filesys_info) {
+ fputs(_("\007\007\007"
+ "WARNING: Your /etc/fstab does not contain the fsck passno\n"
+ " field. I will kludge around things for you, but you\n"
+ " should fix your /etc/fstab file as soon as you can.\n\n"), stderr);
+
+ for (fs = filesys_info; fs; fs = fs->next) {
+ fs->passno = 1;
+ }
+ }
+}
+
+/* Lookup filesys in /etc/fstab and return the corresponding entry. */
+static struct fs_info *lookup(char *filesys)
+{
+ struct fs_info *fs;
+
+ /* No filesys name given. */
+ if (filesys == NULL)
+ return NULL;
+
+ for (fs = filesys_info; fs; fs = fs->next) {
+ if (!strcmp(filesys, fs->device) ||
+ (fs->mountpt && !strcmp(filesys, fs->mountpt)))
+ break;
+ }
+
+ return fs;
+}
+
+/* Find fsck program for a given fs type. */
+static char *find_fsck(char *type)
+{
+ char *s;
+ const char *tpl;
+ static char prog[256];
+ char *p = string_copy(fsck_path);
+ struct stat st;
+
+ /* Are we looking for a program or just a type? */
+ tpl = (strncmp(type, "fsck.", 5) ? "%s/fsck.%s" : "%s/%s");
+
+ for(s = strtok(p, ":"); s; s = strtok(NULL, ":")) {
+ sprintf(prog, tpl, s, type);
+ if (stat(prog, &st) == 0) break;
+ }
+ free(p);
+ return(s ? prog : NULL);
+}
+
+static int progress_active(NOARGS)
+{
+ struct fsck_instance *inst;
+
+ for (inst = instance_list; inst; inst = inst->next) {
+ if (inst->flags & FLAG_DONE)
+ continue;
+ if (inst->flags & FLAG_PROGRESS)
+ return 1;
+ }
+ return 0;
+}
+
+/*
+ * Execute a particular fsck program, and link it into the list of
+ * child processes we are waiting for.
+ */
+static int execute(const char *type, const char *device, const char *mntpt,
+ int interactive)
+{
+ char *s, *argv[80], prog[80];
+ int argc, i;
+ struct fsck_instance *inst, *p;
+ pid_t pid;
+
+ inst = malloc(sizeof(struct fsck_instance));
+ if (!inst)
+ return ENOMEM;
+ memset(inst, 0, sizeof(struct fsck_instance));
+
+ sprintf(prog, "fsck.%s", type);
+ argv[0] = string_copy(prog);
+ argc = 1;
+
+ for (i=0; i <num_args; i++)
+ argv[argc++] = string_copy(args[i]);
+
+ if (progress) {
+ if ((strcmp(type, "ext2") == 0) ||
+ (strcmp(type, "ext3") == 0) ||
+ (strcmp(type, "ext4") == 0) ||
+ (strcmp(type, "ext4dev") == 0)) {
+ char tmp[80];
+
+ tmp[0] = 0;
+ if (!progress_active()) {
+ snprintf(tmp, 80, "-C%d", progress_fd);
+ inst->flags |= FLAG_PROGRESS;
+ } else if (progress_fd)
+ snprintf(tmp, 80, "-C%d", progress_fd * -1);
+ if (tmp[0])
+ argv[argc++] = string_copy(tmp);
+ }
+ }
+
+ argv[argc++] = string_copy(device);
+ argv[argc] = 0;
+
+ s = find_fsck(prog);
+ if (s == NULL) {
+ fprintf(stderr, _("fsck: %s: not found\n"), prog);
+ free(inst);
+ return ENOENT;
+ }
+
+ if (verbose || noexecute) {
+ printf("[%s (%d) -- %s] ", s, num_running,
+ mntpt ? mntpt : device);
+ for (i=0; i < argc; i++)
+ printf("%s ", argv[i]);
+ printf("\n");
+ }
+
+ /* Fork and execute the correct program. */
+ if (noexecute)
+ pid = -1;
+ else if ((pid = fork()) < 0) {
+ perror("fork");
+ free(inst);
+ return errno;
+ } else if (pid == 0) {
+ if (!interactive)
+ close(0);
+ (void) execv(s, argv);
+ perror(argv[0]);
+ free(inst);
+ exit(EXIT_ERROR);
+ }
+
+ for (i=0; i < argc; i++)
+ free(argv[i]);
+
+ inst->pid = pid;
+ inst->prog = string_copy(prog);
+ inst->type = string_copy(type);
+ inst->device = string_copy(device);
+ inst->base_device = base_device(device);
+ inst->start_time = time(0);
+ inst->next = NULL;
+
+ /*
+ * Find the end of the list, so we add the instance on at the end.
+ */
+ for (p = instance_list; p && p->next; p = p->next);
+
+ if (p)
+ p->next = inst;
+ else
+ instance_list = inst;
+
+ return 0;
+}
+
+/*
+ * Send a signal to all outstanding fsck child processes
+ */
+static int kill_all(int signum)
+{
+ struct fsck_instance *inst;
+ int n = 0;
+
+ for (inst = instance_list; inst; inst = inst->next) {
+ if (inst->flags & FLAG_DONE)
+ continue;
+ kill(inst->pid, signum);
+ n++;
+ }
+ return n;
+}
+
+/*
+ * Wait for one child process to exit; when it does, unlink it from
+ * the list of executing child processes, and return it.
+ */
+static struct fsck_instance *wait_one(int flags)
+{
+ int status;
+ int sig;
+ struct fsck_instance *inst, *inst2, *prev;
+ pid_t pid;
+
+ if (!instance_list)
+ return NULL;
+
+ if (noexecute) {
+ inst = instance_list;
+ prev = 0;
+#ifdef RANDOM_DEBUG
+ while (inst->next && (random() & 1)) {
+ prev = inst;
+ inst = inst->next;
+ }
+#endif
+ inst->exit_status = 0;
+ goto ret_inst;
+ }
+
+ /*
+ * gcc -Wall fails saving throw against stupidity
+ * (inst and prev are thought to be uninitialized variables)
+ */
+ inst = prev = NULL;
+
+ do {
+ pid = waitpid(-1, &status, flags);
+ if (cancel_requested && !kill_sent) {
+ kill_all(SIGTERM);
+ kill_sent++;
+ }
+ if ((pid == 0) && (flags & WNOHANG))
+ return NULL;
+ if (pid < 0) {
+ if ((errno == EINTR) || (errno == EAGAIN))
+ continue;
+ if (errno == ECHILD) {
+ fprintf(stderr,
+ _("%s: wait: No more child process?!?\n"),
+ progname);
+ return NULL;
+ }
+ perror("wait");
+ continue;
+ }
+ for (prev = 0, inst = instance_list;
+ inst;
+ prev = inst, inst = inst->next) {
+ if (inst->pid == pid)
+ break;
+ }
+ } while (!inst);
+
+ if (WIFEXITED(status))
+ status = WEXITSTATUS(status);
+ else if (WIFSIGNALED(status)) {
+ sig = WTERMSIG(status);
+ if (sig == SIGINT) {
+ status = EXIT_UNCORRECTED;
+ } else {
+ printf(_("Warning... %s for device %s exited "
+ "with signal %d.\n"),
+ inst->prog, inst->device, sig);
+ status = EXIT_ERROR;
+ }
+ } else {
+ printf(_("%s %s: status is %x, should never happen.\n"),
+ inst->prog, inst->device, status);
+ status = EXIT_ERROR;
+ }
+ inst->exit_status = status;
+ inst->flags |= FLAG_DONE;
+ if (progress && (inst->flags & FLAG_PROGRESS) &&
+ !progress_active()) {
+ for (inst2 = instance_list; inst2; inst2 = inst2->next) {
+ if (inst2->flags & FLAG_DONE)
+ continue;
+ if (strcmp(inst2->type, "ext2") &&
+ strcmp(inst2->type, "ext3") &&
+ strcmp(inst2->type, "ext4") &&
+ strcmp(inst2->type, "ext4dev"))
+ continue;
+ /*
+ * If we've just started the fsck, wait a tiny
+ * bit before sending the kill, to give it
+ * time to set up the signal handler
+ */
+ if (inst2->start_time < time(0)+2) {
+ if (fork() == 0) {
+ sleep(1);
+ kill(inst2->pid, SIGUSR1);
+ exit(0);
+ }
+ } else
+ kill(inst2->pid, SIGUSR1);
+ inst2->flags |= FLAG_PROGRESS;
+ break;
+ }
+ }
+ret_inst:
+ if (prev)
+ prev->next = inst->next;
+ else
+ instance_list = inst->next;
+ if (verbose > 1)
+ printf(_("Finished with %s (exit status %d)\n"),
+ inst->device, inst->exit_status);
+ num_running--;
+ return inst;
+}
+
+#define FLAG_WAIT_ALL 0
+#define FLAG_WAIT_ATLEAST_ONE 1
+/*
+ * Wait until all executing child processes have exited; return the
+ * logical OR of all of their exit code values.
+ */
+static int wait_many(int flags)
+{
+ struct fsck_instance *inst;
+ int global_status = 0;
+ int wait_flags = 0;
+
+ while ((inst = wait_one(wait_flags))) {
+ global_status |= inst->exit_status;
+ free_instance(inst);
+#ifdef RANDOM_DEBUG
+ if (noexecute && (flags & WNOHANG) && !(random() % 3))
+ break;
+#endif
+ if (flags & FLAG_WAIT_ATLEAST_ONE)
+ wait_flags = WNOHANG;
+ }
+ return global_status;
+}
+
+/*
+ * Run the fsck program on a particular device
+ *
+ * If the type is specified using -t, and it isn't prefixed with "no"
+ * (as in "noext2") and only one filesystem type is specified, then
+ * use that type regardless of what is specified in /etc/fstab.
+ *
+ * If the type isn't specified by the user, then use either the type
+ * specified in /etc/fstab, or DEFAULT_FSTYPE.
+ */
+static void fsck_device(struct fs_info *fs, int interactive)
+{
+ const char *type;
+ int retval;
+
+ interpret_type(fs);
+
+ if (strcmp(fs->type, "auto") != 0)
+ type = fs->type;
+ else if (fstype && strncmp(fstype, "no", 2) &&
+ strncmp(fstype, "opts=", 5) && strncmp(fstype, "loop", 4) &&
+ !strchr(fstype, ','))
+ type = fstype;
+ else
+ type = DEFAULT_FSTYPE;
+
+ num_running++;
+ retval = execute(type, fs->device, fs->mountpt, interactive);
+ if (retval) {
+ fprintf(stderr, _("%s: Error %d while executing fsck.%s "
+ "for %s\n"), progname, retval, type, fs->device);
+ num_running--;
+ }
+}
+
+
+/*
+ * Deal with the fsck -t argument.
+ */
+struct fs_type_compile {
+ char **list;
+ int *type;
+ int negate;
+} fs_type_compiled;
+
+#define FS_TYPE_NORMAL 0
+#define FS_TYPE_OPT 1
+#define FS_TYPE_NEGOPT 2
+
+static const char *fs_type_syntax_error =
+N_("Either all or none of the filesystem types passed to -t must be prefixed\n"
+ "with 'no' or '!'.\n");
+
+static void compile_fs_type(char *fs_type, struct fs_type_compile *cmp)
+{
+ char *cp, *list, *s;
+ int num = 2;
+ int negate, first_negate = 1;
+
+ if (fs_type) {
+ for (cp=fs_type; *cp; cp++) {
+ if (*cp == ',')
+ num++;
+ }
+ }
+
+ cmp->list = malloc(num * sizeof(char *));
+ cmp->type = malloc(num * sizeof(int));
+ if (!cmp->list || !cmp->type) {
+ fputs(_("Couldn't allocate memory for filesystem types\n"),
+ stderr);
+ exit(EXIT_ERROR);
+ }
+ memset(cmp->list, 0, num * sizeof(char *));
+ memset(cmp->type, 0, num * sizeof(int));
+ cmp->negate = 0;
+
+ if (!fs_type)
+ return;
+
+ list = string_copy(fs_type);
+ num = 0;
+ s = strtok(list, ",");
+ while(s) {
+ negate = 0;
+ if (strncmp(s, "no", 2) == 0) {
+ s += 2;
+ negate = 1;
+ } else if (*s == '!') {
+ s++;
+ negate = 1;
+ }
+ if (strcmp(s, "loop") == 0)
+ /* loop is really short-hand for opts=loop */
+ goto loop_special_case;
+ else if (strncmp(s, "opts=", 5) == 0) {
+ s += 5;
+ loop_special_case:
+ cmp->type[num] = negate ? FS_TYPE_NEGOPT : FS_TYPE_OPT;
+ } else {
+ if (first_negate) {
+ cmp->negate = negate;
+ first_negate = 0;
+ }
+ if ((negate && !cmp->negate) ||
+ (!negate && cmp->negate)) {
+ fputs(_(fs_type_syntax_error), stderr);
+ exit(EXIT_USAGE);
+ }
+ }
+#if 0
+ printf("Adding %s to list (type %d).\n", s, cmp->type[num]);
+#endif
+ cmp->list[num++] = string_copy(s);
+ s = strtok(NULL, ",");
+ }
+ free(list);
+}
+
+/*
+ * This function returns true if a particular option appears in a
+ * comma-delimited options list
+ */
+static int opt_in_list(const char *opt, char *optlist)
+{
+ char *list, *s;
+
+ if (!optlist)
+ return 0;
+ list = string_copy(optlist);
+
+ s = strtok(list, ",");
+ while(s) {
+ if (strcmp(s, opt) == 0) {
+ free(list);
+ return 1;
+ }
+ s = strtok(NULL, ",");
+ }
+ free(list);
+ return 0;
+}
+
+/* See if the filesystem matches the criteria given by the -t option */
+static int fs_match(struct fs_info *fs, struct fs_type_compile *cmp)
+{
+ int n, ret = 0, checked_type = 0;
+ char *cp;
+
+ if (cmp->list == 0 || cmp->list[0] == 0)
+ return 1;
+
+ for (n=0; (cp = cmp->list[n]); n++) {
+ switch (cmp->type[n]) {
+ case FS_TYPE_NORMAL:
+ checked_type++;
+ if (strcmp(cp, fs->type) == 0) {
+ ret = 1;
+ }
+ break;
+ case FS_TYPE_NEGOPT:
+ if (opt_in_list(cp, fs->opts))
+ return 0;
+ break;
+ case FS_TYPE_OPT:
+ if (!opt_in_list(cp, fs->opts))
+ return 0;
+ break;
+ }
+ }
+ if (checked_type == 0)
+ return 1;
+ return (cmp->negate ? !ret : ret);
+}
+
+/* Check if we should ignore this filesystem. */
+static int ignore(struct fs_info *fs)
+{
+ const char **ip;
+ int wanted = 0;
+
+ /*
+ * If the pass number is 0, ignore it.
+ */
+ if (fs->passno == 0)
+ return 1;
+
+ /*
+ * If this is a bind mount, ignore it.
+ */
+ if (opt_in_list("bind", fs->opts)) {
+ fprintf(stderr,
+ _("%s: skipping bad line in /etc/fstab: bind mount with nonzero fsck pass number\n"),
+ fs->mountpt);
+ return 1;
+ }
+
+ interpret_type(fs);
+
+ /*
+ * If a specific fstype is specified, and it doesn't match,
+ * ignore it.
+ */
+ if (!fs_match(fs, &fs_type_compiled)) return 1;
+
+ /* Are we ignoring this type? */
+ for(ip = ignored_types; *ip; ip++)
+ if (strcmp(fs->type, *ip) == 0) return 1;
+
+ /* Do we really really want to check this fs? */
+ for(ip = really_wanted; *ip; ip++)
+ if (strcmp(fs->type, *ip) == 0) {
+ wanted = 1;
+ break;
+ }
+
+ /* See if the <fsck.fs> program is available. */
+ if (find_fsck(fs->type) == NULL) {
+ if (wanted)
+ fprintf(stderr, _("fsck: cannot check %s: fsck.%s not found\n"),
+ fs->device, fs->type);
+ return 1;
+ }
+
+ /* We can and want to check this file system type. */
+ return 0;
+}
+
+/*
+ * Returns TRUE if a partition on the same disk is already being
+ * checked.
+ */
+static int device_already_active(char *device)
+{
+ struct fsck_instance *inst;
+ char *base;
+
+ if (force_all_parallel)
+ return 0;
+
+#ifdef BASE_MD
+ /* Don't check a soft raid disk with any other disk */
+ if (instance_list &&
+ (!strncmp(instance_list->device, BASE_MD, sizeof(BASE_MD)-1) ||
+ !strncmp(device, BASE_MD, sizeof(BASE_MD)-1)))
+ return 1;
+#endif
+
+ base = base_device(device);
+ /*
+ * If we don't know the base device, assume that the device is
+ * already active if there are any fsck instances running.
+ */
+ if (!base)
+ return (instance_list != 0);
+ for (inst = instance_list; inst; inst = inst->next) {
+ if (!inst->base_device || !strcmp(base, inst->base_device)) {
+ free(base);
+ return 1;
+ }
+ }
+ free(base);
+ return 0;
+}
+
+/* Check all file systems, using the /etc/fstab table. */
+static int check_all(NOARGS)
+{
+ struct fs_info *fs = NULL;
+ int status = EXIT_OK;
+ int not_done_yet = 1;
+ int passno = 1;
+ int pass_done;
+
+ if (verbose)
+ fputs(_("Checking all file systems.\n"), stdout);
+
+ /*
+ * Do an initial scan over the filesystem; mark filesystems
+ * which should be ignored as done, and resolve any "auto"
+ * filesystem types (done as a side-effect of calling ignore()).
+ */
+ for (fs = filesys_info; fs; fs = fs->next) {
+ if (ignore(fs))
+ fs->flags |= FLAG_DONE;
+ }
+
+ /*
+ * Find and check the root filesystem.
+ */
+ if (!parallel_root) {
+ for (fs = filesys_info; fs; fs = fs->next) {
+ if (!strcmp(fs->mountpt, "/"))
+ break;
+ }
+ if (fs) {
+ if (!skip_root && !ignore(fs) &&
+ !(ignore_mounted && is_mounted(fs->device))) {
+ fsck_device(fs, 1);
+ status |= wait_many(FLAG_WAIT_ALL);
+ if (status > EXIT_NONDESTRUCT)
+ return status;
+ }
+ fs->flags |= FLAG_DONE;
+ }
+ }
+ /*
+ * This is for the bone-headed user who enters the root
+ * filesystem twice. Skip root will skep all root entries.
+ */
+ if (skip_root)
+ for (fs = filesys_info; fs; fs = fs->next)
+ if (!strcmp(fs->mountpt, "/"))
+ fs->flags |= FLAG_DONE;
+
+ while (not_done_yet) {
+ not_done_yet = 0;
+ pass_done = 1;
+
+ for (fs = filesys_info; fs; fs = fs->next) {
+ if (cancel_requested)
+ break;
+ if (fs->flags & FLAG_DONE)
+ continue;
+ /*
+ * If the filesystem's pass number is higher
+ * than the current pass number, then we don't
+ * do it yet.
+ */
+ if (fs->passno > passno) {
+ not_done_yet++;
+ continue;
+ }
+ if (ignore_mounted && is_mounted(fs->device)) {
+ fs->flags |= FLAG_DONE;
+ continue;
+ }
+ /*
+ * If a filesystem on a particular device has
+ * already been spawned, then we need to defer
+ * this to another pass.
+ */
+ if (device_already_active(fs->device)) {
+ pass_done = 0;
+ continue;
+ }
+ /*
+ * Spawn off the fsck process
+ */
+ fsck_device(fs, serialize);
+ fs->flags |= FLAG_DONE;
+
+ /*
+ * Only do one filesystem at a time, or if we
+ * have a limit on the number of fsck's extant
+ * at one time, apply that limit.
+ */
+ if (serialize ||
+ (max_running && (num_running >= max_running))) {
+ pass_done = 0;
+ break;
+ }
+ }
+ if (cancel_requested)
+ break;
+ if (verbose > 1)
+ printf(_("--waiting-- (pass %d)\n"), passno);
+ status |= wait_many(pass_done ? FLAG_WAIT_ALL :
+ FLAG_WAIT_ATLEAST_ONE);
+ if (pass_done) {
+ if (verbose > 1)
+ printf("----------------------------------\n");
+ passno++;
+ } else
+ not_done_yet++;
+ }
+ if (cancel_requested && !kill_sent) {
+ kill_all(SIGTERM);
+ kill_sent++;
+ }
+ status |= wait_many(FLAG_WAIT_ATLEAST_ONE);
+ return status;
+}
+
+static void usage(NOARGS)
+{
+ fputs(_("Usage: fsck [-AMNPRTV] [ -C [ fd ] ] [-t fstype] [fs-options] [filesys ...]\n"), stderr);
+ exit(EXIT_USAGE);
+}
+
+static void signal_cancel(int sig FSCK_ATTR((unused)))
+{
+ cancel_requested++;
+}
+
+static void PRS(int argc, char *argv[])
+{
+ int i, j;
+ char *arg, *dev, *tmp = 0;
+ char options[128];
+ int opt = 0;
+ int opts_for_fsck = 0;
+ struct sigaction sa;
+
+ /*
+ * Set up signal action
+ */
+ memset(&sa, 0, sizeof(struct sigaction));
+ sa.sa_handler = signal_cancel;
+ sigaction(SIGINT, &sa, 0);
+ sigaction(SIGTERM, &sa, 0);
+
+ num_devices = 0;
+ num_args = 0;
+ instance_list = 0;
+
+ progname = argv[0];
+
+ for (i=1; i < argc; i++) {
+ arg = argv[i];
+ if (!arg)
+ continue;
+ if ((arg[0] == '/' && !opts_for_fsck) || strchr(arg, '=')) {
+ if (num_devices >= MAX_DEVICES) {
+ fprintf(stderr, _("%s: too many devices\n"),
+ progname);
+ exit(EXIT_ERROR);
+ }
+ dev = blkid_get_devname(cache, arg, NULL);
+ if (!dev && strchr(arg, '=')) {
+ /*
+ * Check to see if we failed because
+ * /proc/partitions isn't found.
+ */
+ if (access("/proc/partitions", R_OK) < 0) {
+ fprintf(stderr, "Couldn't open /proc/partitions: %s\n",
+ strerror(errno));
+ fprintf(stderr, "Is /proc mounted?\n");
+ exit(EXIT_ERROR);
+ }
+ /*
+ * Check to see if this is because
+ * we're not running as root
+ */
+ if (geteuid())
+ fprintf(stderr,
+ "Must be root to scan for matching filesystems: %s\n", arg);
+ else
+ fprintf(stderr,
+ "Couldn't find matching filesystem: %s\n", arg);
+ exit(EXIT_ERROR);
+ }
+ devices[num_devices++] = dev ? dev : string_copy(arg);
+ continue;
+ }
+ if (arg[0] != '-' || opts_for_fsck) {
+ if (num_args >= MAX_ARGS) {
+ fprintf(stderr, _("%s: too many arguments\n"),
+ progname);
+ exit(EXIT_ERROR);
+ }
+ args[num_args++] = string_copy(arg);
+ continue;
+ }
+ for (j=1; arg[j]; j++) {
+ if (opts_for_fsck) {
+ options[++opt] = arg[j];
+ continue;
+ }
+ switch (arg[j]) {
+ case 'A':
+ doall++;
+ break;
+ case 'C':
+ progress++;
+ if (arg[j+1]) {
+ progress_fd = string_to_int(arg+j+1);
+ if (progress_fd < 0)
+ progress_fd = 0;
+ else
+ goto next_arg;
+ } else if ((i+1) < argc &&
+ !strncmp(argv[i+1], "-", 1) == 0) {
+ progress_fd = string_to_int(argv[i]);
+ if (progress_fd < 0)
+ progress_fd = 0;
+ else {
+ goto next_arg;
+ i++;
+ }
+ }
+ break;
+ case 'V':
+ verbose++;
+ break;
+ case 'N':
+ noexecute++;
+ break;
+ case 'R':
+ skip_root++;
+ break;
+ case 'T':
+ notitle++;
+ break;
+ case 'M':
+ ignore_mounted++;
+ break;
+ case 'P':
+ parallel_root++;
+ break;
+ case 's':
+ serialize++;
+ break;
+ case 't':
+ tmp = 0;
+ if (fstype)
+ usage();
+ if (arg[j+1])
+ tmp = arg+j+1;
+ else if ((i+1) < argc)
+ tmp = argv[++i];
+ else
+ usage();
+ fstype = string_copy(tmp);
+ compile_fs_type(fstype, &fs_type_compiled);
+ goto next_arg;
+ case '-':
+ opts_for_fsck++;
+ break;
+ case '?':
+ usage();
+ break;
+ default:
+ options[++opt] = arg[j];
+ break;
+ }
+ }
+ next_arg:
+ if (opt) {
+ options[0] = '-';
+ options[++opt] = '\0';
+ if (num_args >= MAX_ARGS) {
+ fprintf(stderr,
+ _("%s: too many arguments\n"),
+ progname);
+ exit(EXIT_ERROR);
+ }
+ args[num_args++] = string_copy(options);
+ opt = 0;
+ }
+ }
+ if (getenv("FSCK_FORCE_ALL_PARALLEL"))
+ force_all_parallel++;
+ if ((tmp = getenv("FSCK_MAX_INST")))
+ max_running = atoi(tmp);
+}
+
+int main(int argc, char *argv[])
+{
+ int i, status = 0;
+ int interactive = 0;
+ char *oldpath = getenv("PATH");
+ const char *fstab;
+ struct fs_info *fs;
+
+ setvbuf(stdout, NULL, _IONBF, BUFSIZ);
+ setvbuf(stderr, NULL, _IONBF, BUFSIZ);
+
+ setlocale(LC_MESSAGES, "");
+ setlocale(LC_CTYPE, "");
+ bindtextdomain(PACKAGE, LOCALEDIR);
+ textdomain(PACKAGE);
+
+ blkid_get_cache(&cache, NULL);
+ PRS(argc, argv);
+
+ if (!notitle)
+ printf("fsck from %s\n", PACKAGE_STRING);
+
+ fstab = getenv("FSTAB_FILE");
+ if (!fstab)
+ fstab = _PATH_MNTTAB;
+ load_fs_info(fstab);
+
+ /* Update our search path to include uncommon directories. */
+ if (oldpath) {
+ fsck_path = malloc (strlen (fsck_prefix_path) + 1 +
+ strlen (oldpath) + 1);
+ if (!fsck_path) {
+ fprintf(stderr, "%s: Unable to allocate memory for fsck_path\n", progname);
+ exit(EXIT_ERROR);
+ }
+ strcpy (fsck_path, fsck_prefix_path);
+ strcat (fsck_path, ":");
+ strcat (fsck_path, oldpath);
+ } else {
+ fsck_path = string_copy(fsck_prefix_path);
+ }
+
+ if ((num_devices == 1) || (serialize))
+ interactive = 1;
+
+ /* If -A was specified ("check all"), do that! */
+ if (doall)
+ return check_all();
+
+ if (num_devices == 0) {
+ serialize++;
+ interactive++;
+ return check_all();
+ }
+ for (i = 0 ; i < num_devices; i++) {
+ if (cancel_requested) {
+ if (!kill_sent) {
+ kill_all(SIGTERM);
+ kill_sent++;
+ }
+ break;
+ }
+ fs = lookup(devices[i]);
+ if (!fs) {
+ fs = create_fs_device(devices[i], 0, "auto",
+ 0, -1, -1);
+ if (!fs)
+ continue;
+ }
+ if (ignore_mounted && is_mounted(fs->device))
+ continue;
+ fsck_device(fs, interactive);
+ if (serialize ||
+ (max_running && (num_running >= max_running))) {
+ struct fsck_instance *inst;
+
+ inst = wait_one(0);
+ if (inst) {
+ status |= inst->exit_status;
+ free_instance(inst);
+ }
+ if (verbose > 1)
+ printf("----------------------------------\n");
+ }
+ }
+ status |= wait_many(FLAG_WAIT_ALL);
+ free(fsck_path);
+ blkid_put_cache(cache);
+ return status;
+}
projects / util-linux / commitdiff