2 * bsg.c - block layer implementation of the sg v3 interface
4 * Copyright (C) 2004 Jens Axboe <axboe@suse.de> SUSE Labs
5 * Copyright (C) 2004 Peter M. Jones <pjones@redhat.com>
7 * This file is subject to the terms and conditions of the GNU General Public
8 * License version 2. See the file "COPYING" in the main directory of this
9 * archive for more details.
14 * - Should this get merged, block/scsi_ioctl.c will be migrated into
15 * this file. To keep maintenance down, it's easier to have them
16 * seperated right now.
19 #include <linux/module.h>
20 #include <linux/init.h>
21 #include <linux/file.h>
22 #include <linux/blkdev.h>
23 #include <linux/poll.h>
24 #include <linux/cdev.h>
25 #include <linux/percpu.h>
26 #include <linux/uio.h>
27 #include <linux/bsg.h>
29 #include <scsi/scsi.h>
30 #include <scsi/scsi_ioctl.h>
31 #include <scsi/scsi_cmnd.h>
34 static char bsg_version[] = "block layer sg (bsg) 0.4";
40 request_queue_t *queue;
42 struct list_head busy_list;
43 struct list_head done_list;
44 struct hlist_node dev_list;
49 unsigned long *cmd_bitmap;
50 struct bsg_command *cmd_map;
51 wait_queue_head_t wq_done;
52 wait_queue_head_t wq_free;
53 char name[BDEVNAME_SIZE];
64 * command allocation bitmap defines
66 #define BSG_CMDS_PAGE_ORDER (1)
67 #define BSG_CMDS_PER_LONG (sizeof(unsigned long) * 8)
68 #define BSG_CMDS_MASK (BSG_CMDS_PER_LONG - 1)
69 #define BSG_CMDS_BYTES (PAGE_SIZE * (1 << BSG_CMDS_PAGE_ORDER))
70 #define BSG_CMDS (BSG_CMDS_BYTES / sizeof(struct bsg_command))
75 #define dprintk(fmt, args...) printk(KERN_ERR "%s: " fmt, __FUNCTION__, ##args)
77 #define dprintk(fmt, args...)
80 #define list_entry_bc(entry) list_entry((entry), struct bsg_command, list)
85 #define BSG_MAJOR (240)
87 static DEFINE_MUTEX(bsg_mutex);
88 static int bsg_device_nr;
90 #define BSG_LIST_SIZE (8)
91 #define bsg_list_idx(minor) ((minor) & (BSG_LIST_SIZE - 1))
92 static struct hlist_head bsg_device_list[BSG_LIST_SIZE];
94 static struct class *bsg_class;
95 static LIST_HEAD(bsg_class_list);
98 * our internal command type
101 struct bsg_device *bd;
102 struct list_head list;
107 struct sg_io_v4 __user *uhdr;
108 char sense[SCSI_SENSE_BUFFERSIZE];
111 static void bsg_free_command(struct bsg_command *bc)
113 struct bsg_device *bd = bc->bd;
114 unsigned long bitnr = bc - bd->cmd_map;
117 dprintk("%s: command bit offset %lu\n", bd->name, bitnr);
119 spin_lock_irqsave(&bd->lock, flags);
121 __clear_bit(bitnr, bd->cmd_bitmap);
122 spin_unlock_irqrestore(&bd->lock, flags);
124 wake_up(&bd->wq_free);
127 static struct bsg_command *__bsg_alloc_command(struct bsg_device *bd)
129 struct bsg_command *bc = NULL;
133 spin_lock_irq(&bd->lock);
135 if (bd->queued_cmds >= bd->max_queue)
138 for (free_nr = 0, map = bd->cmd_bitmap; *map == ~0UL; map++)
139 free_nr += BSG_CMDS_PER_LONG;
141 BUG_ON(*map == ~0UL);
144 free_nr += ffz(*map);
145 __set_bit(free_nr, bd->cmd_bitmap);
146 spin_unlock_irq(&bd->lock);
148 bc = bd->cmd_map + free_nr;
149 memset(bc, 0, sizeof(*bc));
151 INIT_LIST_HEAD(&bc->list);
152 dprintk("%s: returning free cmd %p (bit %d)\n", bd->name, bc, free_nr);
155 dprintk("%s: failed (depth %d)\n", bd->name, bd->queued_cmds);
156 spin_unlock_irq(&bd->lock);
161 bsg_del_done_cmd(struct bsg_device *bd, struct bsg_command *bc)
168 bsg_add_done_cmd(struct bsg_device *bd, struct bsg_command *bc)
171 list_add_tail(&bc->list, &bd->done_list);
172 wake_up(&bd->wq_done);
175 static inline int bsg_io_schedule(struct bsg_device *bd, int state)
180 spin_lock_irq(&bd->lock);
182 BUG_ON(bd->done_cmds > bd->queued_cmds);
185 * -ENOSPC or -ENODATA? I'm going for -ENODATA, meaning "I have no
186 * work to do", even though we return -ENOSPC after this same test
187 * during bsg_write() -- there, it means our buffer can't have more
188 * bsg_commands added to it, thus has no space left.
190 if (bd->done_cmds == bd->queued_cmds) {
195 if (!test_bit(BSG_F_BLOCK, &bd->flags)) {
200 prepare_to_wait(&bd->wq_done, &wait, state);
201 spin_unlock_irq(&bd->lock);
203 finish_wait(&bd->wq_done, &wait);
205 if ((state == TASK_INTERRUPTIBLE) && signal_pending(current))
210 spin_unlock_irq(&bd->lock);
215 * get a new free command, blocking if needed and specified
217 static struct bsg_command *bsg_get_command(struct bsg_device *bd)
219 struct bsg_command *bc;
223 bc = __bsg_alloc_command(bd);
227 ret = bsg_io_schedule(bd, TASK_INTERRUPTIBLE);
238 static int blk_fill_sgv4_hdr_rq(request_queue_t *q, struct request *rq,
239 struct sg_io_v4 *hdr, int has_write_perm)
241 memset(rq->cmd, 0, BLK_MAX_CDB); /* ATAPI hates garbage after CDB */
243 if (copy_from_user(rq->cmd, (void *)(unsigned long)hdr->request,
246 if (blk_verify_command(rq->cmd, has_write_perm))
250 * fill in request structure
252 rq->cmd_len = hdr->request_len;
253 rq->cmd_type = REQ_TYPE_BLOCK_PC;
255 rq->timeout = (hdr->timeout * HZ) / 1000;
257 rq->timeout = q->sg_timeout;
259 rq->timeout = BLK_DEFAULT_SG_TIMEOUT;
265 * Check if sg_io_v4 from user is allowed and valid
268 bsg_validate_sgv4_hdr(request_queue_t *q, struct sg_io_v4 *hdr, int *rw)
270 if (hdr->guard != 'Q')
272 if (hdr->request_len > BLK_MAX_CDB)
274 if (hdr->dout_xfer_len > (q->max_sectors << 9) ||
275 hdr->din_xfer_len > (q->max_sectors << 9))
278 /* not supported currently */
279 if (hdr->protocol || hdr->subprotocol)
283 * looks sane, if no data then it should be fine from our POV
285 if (!hdr->dout_xfer_len && !hdr->din_xfer_len)
288 /* not supported currently */
289 if (hdr->dout_xfer_len && hdr->din_xfer_len)
292 *rw = hdr->dout_xfer_len ? WRITE : READ;
298 * map sg_io_v4 to a request.
300 static struct request *
301 bsg_map_hdr(struct bsg_device *bd, struct sg_io_v4 *hdr)
303 request_queue_t *q = bd->queue;
305 int ret, rw = 0; /* shut up gcc */
306 unsigned int dxfer_len;
309 dprintk("map hdr %llx/%u %llx/%u\n", (unsigned long long) hdr->dout_xferp,
310 hdr->dout_xfer_len, (unsigned long long) hdr->din_xferp,
313 ret = bsg_validate_sgv4_hdr(q, hdr, &rw);
318 * map scatter-gather elements seperately and string them to request
320 rq = blk_get_request(q, rw, GFP_KERNEL);
321 ret = blk_fill_sgv4_hdr_rq(q, rq, hdr, test_bit(BSG_F_WRITE_PERM,
328 if (hdr->dout_xfer_len) {
329 dxfer_len = hdr->dout_xfer_len;
330 dxferp = (void*)(unsigned long)hdr->dout_xferp;
331 } else if (hdr->din_xfer_len) {
332 dxfer_len = hdr->din_xfer_len;
333 dxferp = (void*)(unsigned long)hdr->din_xferp;
338 ret = blk_rq_map_user(q, rq, dxferp, dxfer_len);
340 dprintk("failed map at %d\n", ret);
350 * async completion call-back from the block layer, when scsi/ide/whatever
351 * calls end_that_request_last() on a request
353 static void bsg_rq_end_io(struct request *rq, int uptodate)
355 struct bsg_command *bc = rq->end_io_data;
356 struct bsg_device *bd = bc->bd;
359 dprintk("%s: finished rq %p bc %p, bio %p offset %Zd stat %d\n",
360 bd->name, rq, bc, bc->bio, bc - bd->cmd_map, uptodate);
362 bc->hdr.duration = jiffies_to_msecs(jiffies - bc->hdr.duration);
364 spin_lock_irqsave(&bd->lock, flags);
366 bsg_add_done_cmd(bd, bc);
367 spin_unlock_irqrestore(&bd->lock, flags);
371 * do final setup of a 'bc' and submit the matching 'rq' to the block
374 static void bsg_add_command(struct bsg_device *bd, request_queue_t *q,
375 struct bsg_command *bc, struct request *rq)
377 rq->sense = bc->sense;
381 * add bc command to busy queue and submit rq for io
385 bc->hdr.duration = jiffies;
386 spin_lock_irq(&bd->lock);
387 list_add_tail(&bc->list, &bd->busy_list);
388 spin_unlock_irq(&bd->lock);
390 dprintk("%s: queueing rq %p, bc %p\n", bd->name, rq, bc);
392 rq->end_io_data = bc;
393 blk_execute_rq_nowait(q, bd->disk, rq, 1, bsg_rq_end_io);
396 static inline struct bsg_command *bsg_next_done_cmd(struct bsg_device *bd)
398 struct bsg_command *bc = NULL;
400 spin_lock_irq(&bd->lock);
402 bc = list_entry_bc(bd->done_list.next);
403 bsg_del_done_cmd(bd, bc);
405 spin_unlock_irq(&bd->lock);
411 * Get a finished command from the done list
413 static struct bsg_command *__bsg_get_done_cmd(struct bsg_device *bd, int state)
415 struct bsg_command *bc;
419 bc = bsg_next_done_cmd(bd);
423 ret = bsg_io_schedule(bd, state);
430 dprintk("%s: returning done %p\n", bd->name, bc);
435 static struct bsg_command *
436 bsg_get_done_cmd(struct bsg_device *bd, const struct iovec *iov)
438 return __bsg_get_done_cmd(bd, TASK_INTERRUPTIBLE);
441 static struct bsg_command *
442 bsg_get_done_cmd_nosignals(struct bsg_device *bd)
444 return __bsg_get_done_cmd(bd, TASK_UNINTERRUPTIBLE);
447 static int blk_complete_sgv4_hdr_rq(struct request *rq, struct sg_io_v4 *hdr,
452 dprintk("rq %p bio %p %u\n", rq, bio, rq->errors);
454 * fill in all the output members
456 hdr->device_status = status_byte(rq->errors);
457 hdr->transport_status = host_byte(rq->errors);
458 hdr->driver_status = driver_byte(rq->errors);
460 if (hdr->device_status || hdr->transport_status || hdr->driver_status)
461 hdr->info |= SG_INFO_CHECK;
462 hdr->din_resid = rq->data_len;
463 hdr->response_len = 0;
465 if (rq->sense_len && hdr->response) {
466 int len = min((unsigned int) hdr->max_response_len,
469 ret = copy_to_user((void*)(unsigned long)hdr->response,
472 hdr->response_len = len;
477 blk_rq_unmap_user(bio);
483 static int bsg_complete_all_commands(struct bsg_device *bd)
485 struct bsg_command *bc;
488 dprintk("%s: entered\n", bd->name);
490 set_bit(BSG_F_BLOCK, &bd->flags);
493 * wait for all commands to complete
497 ret = bsg_io_schedule(bd, TASK_UNINTERRUPTIBLE);
499 * look for -ENODATA specifically -- we'll sometimes get
500 * -ERESTARTSYS when we've taken a signal, but we can't
501 * return until we're done freeing the queue, so ignore
502 * it. The signal will get handled when we're done freeing
505 } while (ret != -ENODATA);
508 * discard done commands
512 bc = bsg_get_done_cmd_nosignals(bd);
515 * we _must_ complete before restarting, because
516 * bsg_release can't handle this failing.
518 if (PTR_ERR(bc) == -ERESTARTSYS)
525 tret = blk_complete_sgv4_hdr_rq(bc->rq, &bc->hdr, bc->bio);
529 bsg_free_command(bc);
535 typedef struct bsg_command *(*bsg_command_callback)(struct bsg_device *bd, const struct iovec *iov);
538 __bsg_read(char __user *buf, size_t count, bsg_command_callback get_bc,
539 struct bsg_device *bd, const struct iovec *iov, ssize_t *bytes_read)
541 struct bsg_command *bc;
542 int nr_commands, ret;
544 if (count % sizeof(struct sg_io_v4))
548 nr_commands = count / sizeof(struct sg_io_v4);
549 while (nr_commands) {
550 bc = get_bc(bd, iov);
557 * this is the only case where we need to copy data back
558 * after completing the request. so do that here,
559 * bsg_complete_work() cannot do that for us
561 ret = blk_complete_sgv4_hdr_rq(bc->rq, &bc->hdr, bc->bio);
563 if (copy_to_user(buf, (char *) &bc->hdr, sizeof(bc->hdr)))
566 bsg_free_command(bc);
571 buf += sizeof(struct sg_io_v4);
572 *bytes_read += sizeof(struct sg_io_v4);
579 static inline void bsg_set_block(struct bsg_device *bd, struct file *file)
581 if (file->f_flags & O_NONBLOCK)
582 clear_bit(BSG_F_BLOCK, &bd->flags);
584 set_bit(BSG_F_BLOCK, &bd->flags);
587 static inline void bsg_set_write_perm(struct bsg_device *bd, struct file *file)
589 if (file->f_mode & FMODE_WRITE)
590 set_bit(BSG_F_WRITE_PERM, &bd->flags);
592 clear_bit(BSG_F_WRITE_PERM, &bd->flags);
595 static inline int err_block_err(int ret)
597 if (ret && ret != -ENOSPC && ret != -ENODATA && ret != -EAGAIN)
604 bsg_read(struct file *file, char __user *buf, size_t count, loff_t *ppos)
606 struct bsg_device *bd = file->private_data;
610 dprintk("%s: read %Zd bytes\n", bd->name, count);
612 bsg_set_block(bd, file);
614 ret = __bsg_read(buf, count, bsg_get_done_cmd,
615 bd, NULL, &bytes_read);
618 if (!bytes_read || (bytes_read && err_block_err(ret)))
624 static ssize_t __bsg_write(struct bsg_device *bd, const char __user *buf,
625 size_t count, ssize_t *bytes_read)
627 struct bsg_command *bc;
629 int ret, nr_commands;
631 if (count % sizeof(struct sg_io_v4))
634 nr_commands = count / sizeof(struct sg_io_v4);
638 while (nr_commands) {
639 request_queue_t *q = bd->queue;
641 bc = bsg_get_command(bd);
650 bc->uhdr = (struct sg_io_v4 __user *) buf;
651 if (copy_from_user(&bc->hdr, buf, sizeof(bc->hdr))) {
657 * get a request, fill in the blanks, and add to request queue
659 rq = bsg_map_hdr(bd, &bc->hdr);
666 bsg_add_command(bd, q, bc, rq);
670 buf += sizeof(struct sg_io_v4);
671 *bytes_read += sizeof(struct sg_io_v4);
675 bsg_free_command(bc);
681 bsg_write(struct file *file, const char __user *buf, size_t count, loff_t *ppos)
683 struct bsg_device *bd = file->private_data;
687 dprintk("%s: write %Zd bytes\n", bd->name, count);
689 bsg_set_block(bd, file);
690 bsg_set_write_perm(bd, file);
693 ret = __bsg_write(bd, buf, count, &bytes_read);
697 * return bytes written on non-fatal errors
699 if (!bytes_read || (bytes_read && err_block_err(ret)))
702 dprintk("%s: returning %Zd\n", bd->name, bytes_read);
706 static void bsg_free_device(struct bsg_device *bd)
709 free_pages((unsigned long) bd->cmd_map, BSG_CMDS_PAGE_ORDER);
711 kfree(bd->cmd_bitmap);
715 static struct bsg_device *bsg_alloc_device(void)
717 struct bsg_command *cmd_map;
718 unsigned long *cmd_bitmap;
719 struct bsg_device *bd;
722 bd = kzalloc(sizeof(struct bsg_device), GFP_KERNEL);
726 spin_lock_init(&bd->lock);
728 bd->max_queue = BSG_CMDS;
730 bits = (BSG_CMDS / BSG_CMDS_PER_LONG) + 1;
731 cmd_bitmap = kzalloc(bits * sizeof(unsigned long), GFP_KERNEL);
734 bd->cmd_bitmap = cmd_bitmap;
736 cmd_map = (void *) __get_free_pages(GFP_KERNEL | __GFP_ZERO,
737 BSG_CMDS_PAGE_ORDER);
739 goto out_free_bitmap;
740 bd->cmd_map = cmd_map;
742 INIT_LIST_HEAD(&bd->busy_list);
743 INIT_LIST_HEAD(&bd->done_list);
744 INIT_HLIST_NODE(&bd->dev_list);
746 init_waitqueue_head(&bd->wq_free);
747 init_waitqueue_head(&bd->wq_done);
757 static int bsg_put_device(struct bsg_device *bd)
761 mutex_lock(&bsg_mutex);
763 if (!atomic_dec_and_test(&bd->ref_count))
766 dprintk("%s: tearing down\n", bd->name);
769 * close can always block
771 set_bit(BSG_F_BLOCK, &bd->flags);
774 * correct error detection baddies here again. it's the responsibility
775 * of the app to properly reap commands before close() if it wants
776 * fool-proof error detection
778 ret = bsg_complete_all_commands(bd);
780 blk_put_queue(bd->queue);
781 hlist_del(&bd->dev_list);
784 mutex_unlock(&bsg_mutex);
788 static struct bsg_device *bsg_add_device(struct inode *inode,
789 struct gendisk *disk,
792 struct bsg_device *bd = NULL;
794 unsigned char buf[32];
797 bd = bsg_alloc_device();
799 return ERR_PTR(-ENOMEM);
802 bd->queue = disk->queue;
803 kobject_get(&disk->queue->kobj);
804 bsg_set_block(bd, file);
806 atomic_set(&bd->ref_count, 1);
807 bd->minor = iminor(inode);
808 mutex_lock(&bsg_mutex);
809 hlist_add_head(&bd->dev_list,&bsg_device_list[bsg_list_idx(bd->minor)]);
811 strncpy(bd->name, disk->disk_name, sizeof(bd->name) - 1);
812 dprintk("bound to <%s>, max queue %d\n",
813 format_dev_t(buf, inode->i_rdev), bd->max_queue);
815 mutex_unlock(&bsg_mutex);
819 static struct bsg_device *__bsg_get_device(int minor)
821 struct hlist_head *list = &bsg_device_list[bsg_list_idx(minor)];
822 struct bsg_device *bd = NULL;
823 struct hlist_node *entry;
825 mutex_lock(&bsg_mutex);
827 hlist_for_each(entry, list) {
828 bd = hlist_entry(entry, struct bsg_device, dev_list);
829 if (bd->minor == minor) {
830 atomic_inc(&bd->ref_count);
837 mutex_unlock(&bsg_mutex);
841 static struct bsg_device *bsg_get_device(struct inode *inode, struct file *file)
843 struct bsg_device *bd = __bsg_get_device(iminor(inode));
844 struct bsg_class_device *bcd, *__bcd;
850 * find the class device
853 mutex_lock(&bsg_mutex);
854 list_for_each_entry(__bcd, &bsg_class_list, list) {
855 if (__bcd->minor == iminor(inode)) {
860 mutex_unlock(&bsg_mutex);
863 return ERR_PTR(-ENODEV);
865 return bsg_add_device(inode, bcd->disk, file);
868 static int bsg_open(struct inode *inode, struct file *file)
870 struct bsg_device *bd = bsg_get_device(inode, file);
875 file->private_data = bd;
879 static int bsg_release(struct inode *inode, struct file *file)
881 struct bsg_device *bd = file->private_data;
883 file->private_data = NULL;
884 return bsg_put_device(bd);
887 static unsigned int bsg_poll(struct file *file, poll_table *wait)
889 struct bsg_device *bd = file->private_data;
890 unsigned int mask = 0;
892 poll_wait(file, &bd->wq_done, wait);
893 poll_wait(file, &bd->wq_free, wait);
895 spin_lock_irq(&bd->lock);
896 if (!list_empty(&bd->done_list))
897 mask |= POLLIN | POLLRDNORM;
898 if (bd->queued_cmds >= bd->max_queue)
900 spin_unlock_irq(&bd->lock);
906 bsg_ioctl(struct inode *inode, struct file *file, unsigned int cmd,
909 struct bsg_device *bd = file->private_data;
910 int __user *uarg = (int __user *) arg;
919 case SG_GET_COMMAND_Q:
920 return put_user(bd->max_queue, uarg);
921 case SG_SET_COMMAND_Q: {
924 if (get_user(queue, uarg))
926 if (queue > BSG_CMDS || queue < 1)
929 bd->max_queue = queue;
936 case SG_GET_VERSION_NUM:
937 case SCSI_IOCTL_GET_IDLUN:
938 case SCSI_IOCTL_GET_BUS_NUMBER:
941 case SG_GET_RESERVED_SIZE:
942 case SG_SET_RESERVED_SIZE:
943 case SG_EMULATED_HOST:
944 case SCSI_IOCTL_SEND_COMMAND: {
945 void __user *uarg = (void __user *) arg;
946 return scsi_cmd_ioctl(file, bd->disk, cmd, uarg);
953 if (copy_from_user(&hdr, uarg, sizeof(hdr)))
956 rq = bsg_map_hdr(bd, &hdr);
961 blk_execute_rq(bd->queue, bd->disk, rq, 0);
962 blk_complete_sgv4_hdr_rq(rq, &hdr, bio);
964 if (copy_to_user(uarg, &hdr, sizeof(hdr)))
970 * block device ioctls
974 return ioctl_by_bdev(bd->bdev, cmd, arg);
981 static struct file_operations bsg_fops = {
986 .release = bsg_release,
988 .owner = THIS_MODULE,
991 void bsg_unregister_disk(struct gendisk *disk)
993 struct bsg_class_device *bcd = &disk->bsg_dev;
998 mutex_lock(&bsg_mutex);
999 sysfs_remove_link(&bcd->disk->queue->kobj, "bsg");
1000 class_device_destroy(bsg_class, MKDEV(BSG_MAJOR, bcd->minor));
1001 bcd->class_dev = NULL;
1002 list_del_init(&bcd->list);
1003 mutex_unlock(&bsg_mutex);
1006 int bsg_register_disk(struct gendisk *disk)
1008 request_queue_t *q = disk->queue;
1009 struct bsg_class_device *bcd;
1013 * we need a proper transport to send commands, not a stacked device
1018 bcd = &disk->bsg_dev;
1019 memset(bcd, 0, sizeof(*bcd));
1020 INIT_LIST_HEAD(&bcd->list);
1022 mutex_lock(&bsg_mutex);
1023 dev = MKDEV(BSG_MAJOR, bsg_device_nr);
1024 bcd->minor = bsg_device_nr;
1027 bcd->class_dev = class_device_create(bsg_class, NULL, dev, bcd->dev, "%s", disk->disk_name);
1028 list_add_tail(&bcd->list, &bsg_class_list);
1029 sysfs_create_link(&q->kobj, &bcd->class_dev->kobj, "bsg");
1030 mutex_unlock(&bsg_mutex);
1034 static int __init bsg_init(void)
1038 for (i = 0; i < BSG_LIST_SIZE; i++)
1039 INIT_HLIST_HEAD(&bsg_device_list[i]);
1041 bsg_class = class_create(THIS_MODULE, "bsg");
1042 if (IS_ERR(bsg_class))
1043 return PTR_ERR(bsg_class);
1045 ret = register_chrdev(BSG_MAJOR, "bsg", &bsg_fops);
1047 class_destroy(bsg_class);
1051 printk(KERN_INFO "%s loaded\n", bsg_version);
1055 MODULE_AUTHOR("Jens Axboe");
1056 MODULE_DESCRIPTION("Block layer SGSI generic (sg) driver");
1057 MODULE_LICENSE("GPL");
1059 subsys_initcall(bsg_init);