2 Advanced Linux Sound Architecture - Driver
3 ==========================================
10 To enable ALSA support you need at least to build the kernel with
11 primary sound card support (CONFIG_SOUND). Since ALSA can emulate OSS,
12 you don't have to choose any of the OSS modules.
14 Enable "OSS API emulation" (CONFIG_SND_OSSEMUL) and both OSS mixer and
15 PCM supports if you want to run OSS applications with ALSA.
17 If you want to support the WaveTable functionality on cards such as
18 SB Live! then you need to enable "Sequencer support"
19 (CONFIG_SND_SEQUENCER).
21 To make ALSA debug messages more verbose, enable the "Verbose printk"
22 and "Debug" options. To check for memory leaks, turn on "Debug memory"
23 too. "Debug detection" will add checks for the detection of cards.
25 Please note that all the ALSA ISA drivers support the Linux isapnp API
26 (if the card supports ISA PnP). You don't need to configure the cards
33 This depends on your distribution, but normally you use the /dev/MAKEDEV
34 script to create the necessary device nodes. On some systems you use a
35 script named 'snddevices'.
41 The user can load modules with options. If the module supports more than
42 one card and you have more than one card of the same type then you can
43 specify multiple values for the option separated by commas.
45 Prior to version 0.9.0rc4 options had a 'snd_' prefix. This was removed.
50 The core ALSA module. It is used by all ALSA card drivers.
51 It takes the following options which have global effects.
53 major - major number for sound driver
56 - limiting card index for auto-loading (1-8)
58 - For auto-loading more than one card, specify this
59 option together with snd-card-X aliases.
60 slots - Reserve the slot index for the given driver.
61 This option takes multiple strings.
62 See "Module Autoloading Support" section for details.
67 The PCM OSS emulation module.
68 This module takes options which change the mapping of devices.
70 dsp_map - PCM device number maps assigned to the 1st OSS device.
72 adsp_map - PCM device number maps assigned to the 2st OSS device.
75 - Don't block opening busy PCM devices. Default: 1
77 For example, when dsp_map=2, /dev/dsp will be mapped to PCM #2 of
78 the card #0. Similarly, when adsp_map=0, /dev/adsp will be mapped
79 to PCM #0 of the card #0.
80 For changing the second or later card, specify the option with
81 commas, such like "dsp_map=0,1".
83 nonblock_open option is used to change the behavior of the PCM
84 regarding opening the device. When this option is non-zero,
85 opening a busy OSS PCM device won't be blocked but return
86 immediately with EAGAIN (just like O_NONBLOCK flag).
91 This module takes options which change the mapping of devices.
92 similar to those of the snd-pcm-oss module.
94 midi_map - MIDI device number maps assigned to the 1st OSS device.
96 amidi_map - MIDI device number maps assigned to the 2st OSS device.
99 Common parameters for top sound card modules
100 --------------------------------------------
102 Each of top level sound card module takes the following options.
104 index - index (slot #) of sound card
105 - Values: 0 through 31 or negative
106 - If nonnegative, assign that index number
107 - if negative, interpret as a bitmask of permissible
108 indices; the first free permitted index is assigned
110 id - card ID (identifier or name)
111 - Can be up to 15 characters long
112 - Default: the card type
113 - A directory by this name is created under /proc/asound/
114 containing information about the card
115 - This ID can be used instead of the index number in
118 - Default: enabled, for PCI and ISA PnP cards
123 Module for AdLib FM cards.
125 port - port # for OPL chip
127 This module supports multiple cards. It does not support autoprobe, so
128 the port must be specified. For actual AdLib FM cards it will be 0x388.
129 Note that this card does not have PCM support and no mixer; only FM
132 Make sure you have "sbiload" from the alsa-tools package available and,
133 after loading the module, find out the assigned ALSA sequencer port
134 number through "sbiload -l". Example output:
136 Port Client name Port name
137 64:0 OPL2 FM synth OPL2 FM Port
139 Load the std.sb and drums.sb patches also supplied by sbiload:
141 sbiload -p 64:0 std.sb drums.sb
143 If you use this driver to drive an OPL3, you can use std.o3 and drums.o3
144 instead. To have the card produce sound, use aplaymidi from alsa-utils:
146 aplaymidi -p 64:0 foo.mid
151 Module for sound cards based on Analog Devices AD1816A/AD1815 ISA chips.
153 clockfreq - Clock frequency for AD1816A chip (default = 0, 33000Hz)
155 This module supports multiple cards, autoprobe and PnP.
160 Module for sound cards based on AD1848/AD1847/CS4248 ISA chips.
162 port - port # for AD1848 chip
163 irq - IRQ # for AD1848 chip
164 dma1 - DMA # for AD1848 chip (0,1,3)
166 This module supports multiple cards. It does not support autoprobe
167 thus main port must be specified!!! Other ports are optional.
169 The power-management is supported.
174 Module for Analog Devices AD1889 chips.
176 ac97_quirk - AC'97 workaround for strange hardware
177 See the description of intel8x0 module for details.
179 This module supports multiple cards.
184 Module for ALi M5451 PCI chip.
186 pcm_channels - Number of hardware channels assigned for PCM
187 spdif - Support SPDIF I/O
190 This module supports one chip and autoprobe.
192 The power-management is supported.
197 Module for sound cards based on Avance Logic ALS100/ALS120 ISA chips.
199 This module supports multiple cards, autoprobe and PnP.
201 The power-management is supported.
206 Module for Avance Logic ALS300 and ALS300+
208 This module supports multiple cards.
210 The power-management is supported.
215 Module for sound cards based on Avance Logic ALS4000 PCI chip.
217 joystick_port - port # for legacy joystick support.
218 0 = disabled (default), 1 = auto-detect
220 This module supports multiple cards, autoprobe and PnP.
222 The power-management is supported.
227 Module for ATI IXP 150/200/250/400 AC97 controllers.
229 ac97_clock - AC'97 clock (default = 48000)
230 ac97_quirk - AC'97 workaround for strange hardware
231 See "AC97 Quirk Option" section below.
232 ac97_codec - Workaround to specify which AC'97 codec
233 instead of probing. If this works for you
234 file a bug with your `lspci -vn` output.
236 -1 -- Default behavior.
237 0-2 -- Use the specified codec.
238 spdif_aclink - S/PDIF transfer over AC-link (default = 1)
240 This module supports one card and autoprobe.
242 ATI IXP has two different methods to control SPDIF output. One is
243 over AC-link and another is over the "direct" SPDIF output. The
244 implementation depends on the motherboard, and you'll need to
245 choose the correct one via spdif_aclink module option.
247 The power-management is supported.
249 Module snd-atiixp-modem
250 -----------------------
252 Module for ATI IXP 150/200/250 AC97 modem controllers.
254 This module supports one card and autoprobe.
256 Note: The default index value of this module is -2, i.e. the first
259 The power-management is supported.
261 Module snd-au8810, snd-au8820, snd-au8830
262 -----------------------------------------
264 Module for Aureal Vortex, Vortex2 and Advantage device.
266 pcifix - Control PCI workarounds
267 0 = Disable all workarounds
268 1 = Force the PCI latency of the Aureal card to 0xff
269 2 = Force the Extend PCI#2 Internal Master for Efficient
270 Handling of Dummy Requests on the VIA KT133 AGP Bridge
271 3 = Force both settings
272 255 = Autodetect what is required (default)
274 This module supports all ADB PCM channels, ac97 mixer, SPDIF, hardware
275 EQ, mpu401, gameport. A3D and wavetable support are still in development.
276 Development and reverse engineering work is being coordinated at
277 http://savannah.nongnu.org/projects/openvortex/
278 SPDIF output has a copy of the AC97 codec output, unless you use the
279 "spdif" pcm device, which allows raw data passthru.
280 The hardware EQ hardware and SPDIF is only present in the Vortex2 and
283 Note: Some ALSA mixer applications don't handle the SPDIF sample rate
284 control correctly. If you have problems regarding this, try
285 another ALSA compliant mixer (alsamixer works).
290 Module for sound cards based on Aztech System AZT2320 ISA chip (PnP only).
292 This module supports multiple cards, PnP and autoprobe.
294 The power-management is supported.
299 Module for sound cards based on Aztech AZF3328 PCI chip.
301 joystick - Enable joystick (default off)
303 This module supports multiple cards.
308 Module for video cards based on Bt87x chips.
310 digital_rate - Override the default digital rate (Hz)
311 load_all - Load the driver even if the card model isn't known
313 This module supports multiple cards.
315 Note: The default index value of this module is -2, i.e. the first
321 Module for Creative Audigy LS and SB Live 24bit
323 This module supports multiple cards.
329 Module for sound cards based on C-Media CMI8330 ISA chips.
331 isapnp - ISA PnP detection - 0 = disable, 1 = enable (default)
333 with isapnp=0, the following options are available:
335 wssport - port # for CMI8330 chip (WSS)
336 wssirq - IRQ # for CMI8330 chip (WSS)
337 wssdma - first DMA # for CMI8330 chip (WSS)
338 sbport - port # for CMI8330 chip (SB16)
339 sbirq - IRQ # for CMI8330 chip (SB16)
340 sbdma8 - 8bit DMA # for CMI8330 chip (SB16)
341 sbdma16 - 16bit DMA # for CMI8330 chip (SB16)
343 This module supports multiple cards and autoprobe.
345 The power-management is supported.
350 Module for C-Media CMI8338/8738/8768/8770 PCI sound cards.
352 mpu_port - port address of MIDI interface (8338 only):
353 0x300,0x310,0x320,0x330 = legacy port,
354 0 = disable (default)
355 fm_port - port address of OPL-3 FM synthesizer (8x38 only):
357 1 = integrated PCI port (default on 8738),
359 soft_ac3 - Software-conversion of raw SPDIF packets (model 033 only)
361 joystick_port - Joystick port address (0 = disable, 1 = auto-detect)
363 This module supports autoprobe and multiple cards.
365 The power-management is supported.
370 Module for sound cards based on CS4231 ISA chips.
372 port - port # for CS4231 chip
373 mpu_port - port # for MPU-401 UART (optional), -1 = disable
374 irq - IRQ # for CS4231 chip
375 mpu_irq - IRQ # for MPU-401 UART
376 dma1 - first DMA # for CS4231 chip
377 dma2 - second DMA # for CS4231 chip
379 This module supports multiple cards. This module does not support autoprobe
380 thus main port must be specified!!! Other ports are optional.
382 The power-management is supported.
387 Module for sound cards based on CS4232/CS4232A ISA chips.
389 isapnp - ISA PnP detection - 0 = disable, 1 = enable (default)
391 with isapnp=0, the following options are available:
393 port - port # for CS4232 chip (PnP setup - 0x534)
394 cport - control port # for CS4232 chip (PnP setup - 0x120,0x210,0xf00)
395 mpu_port - port # for MPU-401 UART (PnP setup - 0x300), -1 = disable
396 fm_port - FM port # for CS4232 chip (PnP setup - 0x388), -1 = disable
397 irq - IRQ # for CS4232 chip (5,7,9,11,12,15)
398 mpu_irq - IRQ # for MPU-401 UART (9,11,12,15)
399 dma1 - first DMA # for CS4232 chip (0,1,3)
400 dma2 - second DMA # for Yamaha CS4232 chip (0,1,3), -1 = disable
402 This module supports multiple cards. This module does not support autoprobe
403 (if ISA PnP is not used) thus main port must be specified!!! Other ports are
406 The power-management is supported.
411 Module for sound cards based on CS4235/CS4236/CS4236B/CS4237B/
412 CS4238B/CS4239 ISA chips.
414 isapnp - ISA PnP detection - 0 = disable, 1 = enable (default)
416 with isapnp=0, the following options are available:
418 port - port # for CS4236 chip (PnP setup - 0x534)
419 cport - control port # for CS4236 chip (PnP setup - 0x120,0x210,0xf00)
420 mpu_port - port # for MPU-401 UART (PnP setup - 0x300), -1 = disable
421 fm_port - FM port # for CS4236 chip (PnP setup - 0x388), -1 = disable
422 irq - IRQ # for CS4236 chip (5,7,9,11,12,15)
423 mpu_irq - IRQ # for MPU-401 UART (9,11,12,15)
424 dma1 - first DMA # for CS4236 chip (0,1,3)
425 dma2 - second DMA # for CS4236 chip (0,1,3), -1 = disable
427 This module supports multiple cards. This module does not support autoprobe
428 (if ISA PnP is not used) thus main port and control port must be
429 specified!!! Other ports are optional.
431 The power-management is supported.
436 Module for Cirrus Logic CS4281 soundchip.
438 dual_codec - Secondary codec ID (0 = disable, default)
440 This module supports multiple cards.
442 The power-management is supported.
447 Module for PCI sound cards based on CS4610/CS4612/CS4614/CS4615/CS4622/
448 CS4624/CS4630/CS4280 PCI chips.
450 external_amp - Force to enable external amplifier.
451 thinkpad - Force to enable Thinkpad's CLKRUN control.
452 mmap_valid - Support OSS mmap mode (default = 0).
454 This module supports multiple cards and autoprobe.
455 Usually external amp and CLKRUN controls are detected automatically
456 from PCI sub vendor/device ids. If they don't work, give the options
459 The power-management is supported.
464 Module for Cyrix/NatSemi Geode 5530 chip.
466 Module snd-cs5535audio
467 ----------------------
469 Module for multifunction CS5535 companion PCI device
471 The power-management is supported.
476 Module for Echoaudio Darla20
478 This module supports multiple cards.
479 The driver requires the firmware loader support on kernel.
484 Module for Echoaudio Darla24
486 This module supports multiple cards.
487 The driver requires the firmware loader support on kernel.
492 Module for Diamond Technologies DT-019X / Avance Logic ALS-007 (PnP
495 This module supports multiple cards. This module is enabled only with
498 The power-management is supported.
503 Module for the dummy sound card. This "card" doesn't do any output
504 or input, but you may use this module for any application which
505 requires a sound card (like RealPlayer).
507 The power-management is supported.
512 Module for Echoaudio 3G cards (Gina3G/Layla3G)
514 This module supports multiple cards.
515 The driver requires the firmware loader support on kernel.
520 Module for EMU10K1/EMU10k2 based PCI sound cards.
521 * Sound Blaster Live!
522 * Sound Blaster PCI 512
523 * Emu APS (partially supported)
524 * Sound Blaster Audigy
526 extin - bitmap of available external inputs for FX8010 (see bellow)
527 extout - bitmap of available external outputs for FX8010 (see bellow)
528 seq_ports - allocated sequencer ports (4 by default)
529 max_synth_voices - limit of voices used for wavetable (64 by default)
530 max_buffer_size - specifies the maximum size of wavetable/pcm buffers
531 given in MB unit. Default value is 128.
532 enable_ir - enable IR
534 This module supports multiple cards and autoprobe.
536 Input & Output configurations [extin/extout]
537 * Creative Card wo/Digital out [0x0003/0x1f03]
538 * Creative Card w/Digital out [0x0003/0x1f0f]
539 * Creative Card w/Digital CD in [0x000f/0x1f0f]
540 * Creative Card wo/Digital out + LiveDrive [0x3fc3/0x1fc3]
541 * Creative Card w/Digital out + LiveDrive [0x3fc3/0x1fcf]
542 * Creative Card w/Digital CD in + LiveDrive [0x3fcf/0x1fcf]
543 * Creative Card wo/Digital out + Digital I/O 2 [0x0fc3/0x1f0f]
544 * Creative Card w/Digital out + Digital I/O 2 [0x0fc3/0x1f0f]
545 * Creative Card w/Digital CD in + Digital I/O 2 [0x0fcf/0x1f0f]
546 * Creative Card 5.1/w Digital out + LiveDrive [0x3fc3/0x1fff]
547 * Creative Card 5.1 (c) 2003 [0x3fc3/0x7cff]
548 * Creative Card all ins and outs [0x3fff/0x7fff]
550 The power-management is supported.
555 Module for Creative Emu10k1X (SB Live Dell OEM version)
557 This module supports multiple cards.
562 Module for Ensoniq AudioPCI ES1370 PCI sound cards.
563 * SoundBlaster PCI 64
564 * SoundBlaster PCI 128
566 joystick - Enable joystick (default off)
568 This module supports multiple cards and autoprobe.
570 The power-management is supported.
575 Module for Ensoniq AudioPCI ES1371 PCI sound cards.
576 * SoundBlaster PCI 64
577 * SoundBlaster PCI 128
578 * SoundBlaster Vibra PCI
580 joystick_port - port # for joystick (0x200,0x208,0x210,0x218),
581 0 = disable (default), 1 = auto-detect
583 This module supports multiple cards and autoprobe.
585 The power-management is supported.
590 Module for sound cards based on ESS ES968 chip (PnP only).
592 This module supports multiple cards, PnP and autoprobe.
594 The power-management is supported.
599 Module for ESS AudioDrive ES-1688 and ES-688 sound cards.
601 port - port # for ES-1688 chip (0x220,0x240,0x260)
602 mpu_port - port # for MPU-401 port (0x300,0x310,0x320,0x330), -1 = disable (default)
603 irq - IRQ # for ES-1688 chip (5,7,9,10)
604 mpu_irq - IRQ # for MPU-401 port (5,7,9,10)
605 dma8 - DMA # for ES-1688 chip (0,1,3)
607 This module supports multiple cards and autoprobe (without MPU-401 port).
612 Module for ESS AudioDrive ES-18xx sound cards.
614 isapnp - ISA PnP detection - 0 = disable, 1 = enable (default)
616 with isapnp=0, the following options are available:
618 port - port # for ES-18xx chip (0x220,0x240,0x260)
619 mpu_port - port # for MPU-401 port (0x300,0x310,0x320,0x330), -1 = disable (default)
620 fm_port - port # for FM (optional, not used)
621 irq - IRQ # for ES-18xx chip (5,7,9,10)
622 dma1 - first DMA # for ES-18xx chip (0,1,3)
623 dma2 - first DMA # for ES-18xx chip (0,1,3)
625 This module supports multiple cards, ISA PnP and autoprobe (without MPU-401
626 port if native ISA PnP routines are not used).
627 When dma2 is equal with dma1, the driver works as half-duplex.
629 The power-management is supported.
634 Module for sound cards based on ESS Solo-1 (ES1938,ES1946) chips.
636 This module supports multiple cards and autoprobe.
638 The power-management is supported.
643 Module for sound cards based on ESS Maestro-1/2/2E (ES1968/ES1978) chips.
645 total_bufsize - total buffer size in kB (1-4096kB)
646 pcm_substreams_p - playback channels (1-8, default=2)
647 pcm_substreams_c - capture channels (1-8, default=0)
648 clock - clock (0 = auto-detection)
649 use_pm - support the power-management (0 = off, 1 = on,
651 enable_mpu - enable MPU401 (0 = off, 1 = on, 2 = auto (default))
652 joystick - enable joystick (default off)
654 This module supports multiple cards and autoprobe.
656 The power-management is supported.
661 Module for ForteMedia FM801 based PCI sound cards.
663 tea575x_tuner - Enable TEA575x tuner
664 - 1 = MediaForte 256-PCS
665 - 2 = MediaForte 256-PCPR
666 - 3 = MediaForte 64-PCR
667 - High 16-bits are video (radio) device number + 1
668 - example: 0x10002 (MediaForte 256-PCPR, device 1)
670 This module supports multiple cards and autoprobe.
672 The power-management is supported.
677 Module for Echoaudio Gina20
679 This module supports multiple cards.
680 The driver requires the firmware loader support on kernel.
685 Module for Echoaudio Gina24
687 This module supports multiple cards.
688 The driver requires the firmware loader support on kernel.
690 Module snd-gusclassic
691 ---------------------
693 Module for Gravis UltraSound Classic sound card.
695 port - port # for GF1 chip (0x220,0x230,0x240,0x250,0x260)
696 irq - IRQ # for GF1 chip (3,5,9,11,12,15)
697 dma1 - DMA # for GF1 chip (1,3,5,6,7)
698 dma2 - DMA # for GF1 chip (1,3,5,6,7,-1=disable)
699 joystick_dac - 0 to 31, (0.59V-4.52V or 0.389V-2.98V)
700 voices - GF1 voices limit (14-32)
701 pcm_voices - reserved PCM voices
703 This module supports multiple cards and autoprobe.
705 Module snd-gusextreme
706 ---------------------
708 Module for Gravis UltraSound Extreme (Synergy ViperMax) sound card.
710 port - port # for ES-1688 chip (0x220,0x230,0x240,0x250,0x260)
711 gf1_port - port # for GF1 chip (0x210,0x220,0x230,0x240,0x250,0x260,0x270)
712 mpu_port - port # for MPU-401 port (0x300,0x310,0x320,0x330), -1 = disable
713 irq - IRQ # for ES-1688 chip (5,7,9,10)
714 gf1_irq - IRQ # for GF1 chip (3,5,9,11,12,15)
715 mpu_irq - IRQ # for MPU-401 port (5,7,9,10)
716 dma8 - DMA # for ES-1688 chip (0,1,3)
717 dma1 - DMA # for GF1 chip (1,3,5,6,7)
718 joystick_dac - 0 to 31, (0.59V-4.52V or 0.389V-2.98V)
719 voices - GF1 voices limit (14-32)
720 pcm_voices - reserved PCM voices
722 This module supports multiple cards and autoprobe (without MPU-401 port).
727 Module for Gravis UltraSound MAX sound card.
729 port - port # for GF1 chip (0x220,0x230,0x240,0x250,0x260)
730 irq - IRQ # for GF1 chip (3,5,9,11,12,15)
731 dma1 - DMA # for GF1 chip (1,3,5,6,7)
732 dma2 - DMA # for GF1 chip (1,3,5,6,7,-1=disable)
733 joystick_dac - 0 to 31, (0.59V-4.52V or 0.389V-2.98V)
734 voices - GF1 voices limit (14-32)
735 pcm_voices - reserved PCM voices
737 This module supports multiple cards and autoprobe.
742 Module for Intel HD Audio (ICH6, ICH6M, ESB2, ICH7, ICH8),
743 ATI SB450, SB600, RS600,
747 [Multiple options for each card instance]
748 model - force the model name
749 position_fix - Fix DMA pointer (0 = auto, 1 = none, 2 = POSBUF, 3 = FIFO size)
750 probe_mask - Bitmask to probe codecs (default = -1, meaning all slots)
752 [Single (global) options]
753 single_cmd - Use single immediate commands to communicate with
754 codecs (for debugging only)
755 enable_msi - Enable Message Signaled Interrupt (MSI) (default = off)
756 power_save - Automatic power-saving timtout (in second, 0 =
758 power_save_controller - Reset HD-audio controller in power-saving mode
761 This module supports multiple cards and autoprobe.
763 Each codec may have a model table for different configurations.
764 If your machine isn't listed there, the default (usually minimal)
765 configuration is set up. You can pass "model=<name>" option to
766 specify a certain model in such a case. There are different
767 models depending on the codec chip.
769 Model name Description
770 ---------- -----------
772 3stack 3-jack in back and a headphone out
773 3stack-digout 3-jack in back, a HP out and a SPDIF out
774 5stack 5-jack in back, 2-jack in front
775 5stack-digout 5-jack in back, 2-jack in front, a SPDIF out
776 6stack 6-jack in back, 2-jack in front
777 6stack-digout 6-jack with a SPDIF out
779 z71v 3-jack (HP shared SPDIF)
780 asus 3-jack (ASUS Mobo)
782 asus-dig ASUS with SPDIF out
783 asus-dig2 ASUS with SPDIF out (using GPIO2)
785 fujitsu Fujitsu Laptops (Pi1536)
787 lg LG laptop (m1 express dual)
788 lg-lw LG LW20/LW25 laptop
790 clevo Clevo laptops (m520G, m665n)
791 test for testing/debugging purpose, almost all controls can be
792 adjusted. Appearing only when compiled with
794 auto auto-config reading BIOS (default)
798 hp-3013 HP machines (3013-variant)
799 fujitsu Fujitsu S7020
801 will Will laptops (PB V7900)
802 replacer Replacer 672V
803 basic fixed pin assignment (old default model)
804 test for testing/debugging purpose, almost all controls can
805 adjusted. Appearing only when compiled with
807 auto auto-config reading BIOS (default)
810 fujitsu Fujitsu Laptop
811 hp-bpc HP xw4400/6400/8400/9400 laptops
812 hp-bpc-d7000 HP BPC D7000
813 hp-tc-t5735 HP Thin Client T5735
817 hippo Hippo (ATI) with jack detection, Sony UX-90s
818 hippo_1 Hippo (Benq) with jack detection
819 sony-assamd Sony ASSAMD
820 ultra Samsung Q1 Ultra Vista model
821 basic fixed pin assignment w/o SPDIF
822 auto auto-config reading BIOS (default)
828 dell Dell OEM laptops (Vostro 1200)
829 test for testing/debugging purpose, almost all controls can
830 adjusted. Appearing only when compiled with
832 auto auto-config reading BIOS (default)
835 3stack-dig 3-stack (2-channel) with SPDIF
836 3stack-6ch 3-stack (6-channel)
837 3stack-6ch-dig 3-stack (6-channel) with SPDIF
838 6stack-dig 6-stack with SPDIF
839 lenovo-101e Lenovo laptop
840 eeepc-p701 ASUS Eeepc P701
841 eeepc-ep20 ASUS Eeepc EP20
842 auto auto-config reading BIOS (default)
845 3stack-dig 3-jack with SPDIF I/O
846 6stack-dig 6-jack digital with SPDIF I/O
848 targa Targa T8, MSI-1049 T8
851 macpro MacPro support
852 mbp3 Macbook Pro rev3
853 imac24 iMac 24'' with jack detection
855 auto auto-config reading BIOS (default)
858 3stack-dig 3-jack with SPDIF I/O
859 6stack-dig 6-jack digital with SPDIF I/O
860 3stack-6ch 3-jack 6-channel
861 3stack-6ch-dig 3-jack 6-channel with SPDIF I/O
862 6stack-dig-demo 6-jack digital for Intel demo board
863 acer Acer laptops (Travelmate 3012WTMi, Aspire 5600, etc)
864 acer-aspire Acer Aspire 9810
865 medion Medion Laptops
866 medion-md2 Medion MD2
868 targa-2ch-dig Targs/MSI with 2-channel
869 laptop-eapd 3-jack with SPDIF I/O and EAPD (Clevo M540JE, M550JE)
870 lenovo-101e Lenovo 101E
871 lenovo-nb0763 Lenovo NB0763
872 lenovo-ms7195-dig Lenovo MS7195
874 6stack-hp HP machines with 6stack (Nettle boards)
875 3stack-hp HP machines with 3stack (Lucknow, Samba boards)
876 6stack-dell Dell machines with 6stack (Inspiron 530)
878 auto auto-config reading BIOS (default)
882 3stack-dig 3-jack with SPDIF I/O
883 6stack-dig 6-jack with SPDIF I/O
884 3stack-660 3-jack (for ALC660)
885 uniwill-m31 Uniwill M31 laptop
886 toshiba Toshiba laptop support
887 asus Asus laptop support
888 asus-laptop ASUS F2/F3 laptops
889 auto auto-config reading BIOS (default)
893 3stack-dig 3-jack with SPDIF OUT
894 6stack-dig 6-jack with SPDIF OUT
895 3stack-660 3-jack (for ALC660VD)
896 3stack-660-digout 3-jack with SPDIF OUT (for ALC660VD)
897 lenovo Lenovo 3000 C200
898 dallas Dallas laptops
900 auto auto-config reading BIOS (default)
903 minimal 3-jack in back
904 min_fp 3-jack in back, 2-jack in front
905 full 6-jack in back, 2-jack in front
906 full_dig 6-jack in back, 2-jack in front, SPDIF I/O
907 allout 5-jack in back, 2-jack in front, SPDIF out
908 auto auto-config reading BIOS (default)
911 3stack 3-stack mode (default)
918 basic 3-jack (default)
920 thinkpad Lenovo Thinkpad T60/X60/Z60
927 basic default configuration
928 thinkpad Lenovo Thinkpad T61/X61
932 6stack 6-jack, separate surrounds (default)
933 3stack 3-stack, shared surrounds
934 laptop 2-channel only (FSC V2060, Samsung M50)
935 laptop-eapd 2-channel with EAPD (Samsung R65, ASUS A6J)
936 laptop-automute 2-channel with EAPD and HP-automute (Lenovo N100)
937 ultra 2-channel with EAPD (Samsung Ultra tablet PC)
941 6stack-dig ditto with SPDIF
943 3stack-dig ditto with SPDIF
944 laptop 3-jack with hp-jack automute
945 laptop-dig ditto with SPDIF
946 auto auto-config reading BIOS (default)
949 laptop-hpsense Laptop with HP sense (old model laptop)
950 laptop-micsense Laptop with Mic sense (old model fujitsu)
951 laptop-hpmicsense Laptop with HP and Mic senses
953 test for testing/debugging purpose, almost all controls
954 can be adjusted. Appearing only when compiled with
958 laptop Basic Laptop config
959 laptop-hp Laptop config for some HP models (subdevice 30A5)
960 laptop-eapd Laptop config with EAPD support
961 test for testing/debugging purpose, almost all controls
962 can be adjusted. Appearing only when compiled with
966 laptop Basic Laptop config (default)
971 dell-d21 Dell (unknown)
972 dell-d22 Dell (unknown)
973 dell-d23 Dell (unknown)
974 dell-m21 Dell Inspiron 630m, Dell Inspiron 640m
975 dell-m22 Dell Latitude D620, Dell Latitude D820
976 dell-m23 Dell XPS M1710, Dell Precision M90
977 dell-m24 Dell Latitude 120L
978 dell-m25 Dell Inspiron E1505n
979 dell-m26 Dell Inspiron 1501
980 dell-m27 Dell Inspiron E1705/9400
981 gateway Gateway laptops with EAPD control
985 dell-m42 Dell (unknown)
986 dell-m43 Dell Precision
987 dell-m44 Dell Inspiron
992 5stack D945 5stack + SPDIF
993 intel-mac-v1 Intel Mac Type 1
994 intel-mac-v2 Intel Mac Type 2
995 intel-mac-v3 Intel Mac Type 3
996 intel-mac-v4 Intel Mac Type 4
997 intel-mac-v5 Intel Mac Type 5
998 macmini Intel Mac Mini (equivalent with type 3)
999 macbook Intel Mac Book (eq. type 5)
1000 macbook-pro-v1 Intel Mac Book Pro 1st generation (eq. type 3)
1001 macbook-pro Intel Mac Book Pro 2nd generation (eq. type 3)
1002 imac-intel Intel iMac (eq. type 2)
1003 imac-intel-20 Intel iMac (newer version) (eq. type 3)
1004 dell-d81 Dell (unknown)
1005 dell-d82 Dell (unknown)
1006 dell-m81 Dell (unknown)
1007 dell-m82 Dell XPS M1210
1010 ref Reference board, base config
1011 m2-2 Some Gateway MX series laptops
1012 m6 Some Gateway NX series laptops
1013 pa6 Gateway NX860 series
1015 STAC9227/9228/9229/927x
1018 5stack D965 5stack + SPDIF
1019 dell-3stack Dell Dimension E520
1022 vaio Setup for VAIO FE550G/SZ110
1023 vaio-ar Setup for VAIO AR
1025 The model name "genric" is treated as a special case. When this
1026 model is given, the driver uses the generic codec parser without
1027 "codec-patch". It's sometimes good for testing and debugging.
1029 If the default configuration doesn't work and one of the above
1030 matches with your device, report it together with the PCI
1031 subsystem ID (output of "lspci -nv") to ALSA BTS or alsa-devel
1032 ML (see the section "Links and Addresses").
1034 power_save and power_save_controller options are for power-saving
1035 mode. See powersave.txt for details.
1037 Note 2: If you get click noises on output, try the module option
1038 position_fix=1 or 2. position_fix=1 will use the SD_LPIB
1039 register value without FIFO size correction as the current
1040 DMA pointer. position_fix=2 will make the driver to use
1041 the position buffer instead of reading SD_LPIB register.
1042 (Usually SD_LPLIB register is more accurate than the
1045 NB: If you get many "azx_get_response timeout" messages at
1046 loading, it's likely a problem of interrupts (e.g. ACPI irq
1047 routing). Try to boot with options like "pci=noacpi". Also, you
1048 can try "single_cmd=1" module option. This will switch the
1049 communication method between HDA controller and codecs to the
1050 single immediate commands instead of CORB/RIRB. Basically, the
1051 single command mode is provided only for BIOS, and you won't get
1052 unsolicited events, too. But, at least, this works independently
1053 from the irq. Remember this is a last resort, and should be
1054 avoided as much as possible...
1056 MORE NOTES ON "azx_get_response timeout" PROBLEMS:
1057 On some hardwares, you may need to add a proper probe_mask option
1058 to avoid the "azx_get_response timeout" problem above, instead.
1059 This occurs when the access to non-existing or non-working codec slot
1060 (likely a modem one) causes a stall of the communication via HD-audio
1061 bus. You can see which codec slots are probed by enabling
1062 CONFIG_SND_DEBUG_DETECT, or simply from the file name of the codec
1063 proc files. Then limit the slots to probe by probe_mask option.
1064 For example, probe_mask=1 means to probe only the first slot, and
1065 probe_mask=4 means only the third slot.
1067 The power-management is supported.
1072 Module for RME Hammerfall DSP audio interface(s)
1074 This module supports multiple cards.
1076 Note: The firmware data can be automatically loaded via hotplug
1077 when CONFIG_FW_LOADER is set. Otherwise, you need to load
1078 the firmware via hdsploader utility included in alsa-tools
1080 The firmware data is found in alsa-firmware package.
1082 Note: snd-page-alloc module does the job which snd-hammerfall-mem
1083 module did formerly. It will allocate the buffers in advance
1084 when any HDSP cards are found. To make the buffer
1085 allocation sure, load snd-page-alloc module in the early
1086 stage of boot sequence. See "Early Buffer Allocation"
1092 Module for RME HDSP MADI board.
1094 precise_ptr - Enable precise pointer, or disable.
1095 line_outs_monitor - Send playback streams to analog outs by default.
1096 enable_monitor - Enable Analog Out on Channel 63/64 by default.
1098 See hdspm.txt for details.
1103 Module for the MediaTek/TempoTec HiFier Fantasia sound card.
1105 This module supports autoprobe and multiple cards.
1107 Power management is _not_ supported.
1112 Module for Envy24 (ICE1712) based PCI sound cards.
1113 * MidiMan M Audio Delta 1010
1114 * MidiMan M Audio Delta 1010LT
1115 * MidiMan M Audio Delta DiO 2496
1116 * MidiMan M Audio Delta 66
1117 * MidiMan M Audio Delta 44
1118 * MidiMan M Audio Delta 410
1119 * MidiMan M Audio Audiophile 2496
1122 * TerraTec EWX 24/96
1123 * TerraTec DMX 6Fire
1125 * Hoontech SoundTrack DSP 24
1126 * Hoontech SoundTrack DSP 24 Value
1127 * Hoontech SoundTrack DSP 24 Media 7.1
1128 * Event Electronics, EZ8
1130 * Lionstracs, Mediastaton
1132 model - Use the given board model, one of the following:
1133 delta1010, dio2496, delta66, delta44, audiophile, delta410,
1134 delta1010lt, vx442, ewx2496, ews88mt, ews88mt_new, ews88d,
1135 dmx6fire, dsp24, dsp24_value, dsp24_71, ez8,
1136 phase88, mediastation
1137 omni - Omni I/O support for MidiMan M-Audio Delta44/66
1138 cs8427_timeout - reset timeout for the CS8427 chip (S/PDIF transceiver)
1139 in msec resolution, default value is 500 (0.5 sec)
1141 This module supports multiple cards and autoprobe. Note: The consumer part
1142 is not used with all Envy24 based cards (for example in the MidiMan Delta
1145 Note: The supported board is detected by reading EEPROM or PCI
1146 SSID (if EEPROM isn't available). You can override the
1147 model by passing "model" module option in case that the
1148 driver isn't configured properly or you want to try another
1154 Module for Envy24HT (VT/ICE1724), Envy24PT (VT1720) based PCI sound cards.
1155 * MidiMan M Audio Revolution 5.1
1156 * MidiMan M Audio Revolution 7.1
1157 * MidiMan M Audio Audiophile 192
1159 * TerraTec Aureon 5.1 Sky
1160 * TerraTec Aureon 7.1 Space
1161 * TerraTec Aureon 7.1 Universe
1164 * AudioTrak Prodigy 7.1
1165 * AudioTrak Prodigy 7.1LT
1166 * AudioTrak Prodigy 192
1168 * Albatron K8X800 Pro II
1169 * Chaintech ZNF3-150
1170 * Chaintech ZNF3-250
1177 model - Use the given board model, one of the following:
1178 revo51, revo71, amp2000, prodigy71, prodigy71lt,
1179 prodigy192, aureon51, aureon71, universe, ap192,
1180 k8x800, phase22, phase28, ms300, av710, se200pci,
1183 This module supports multiple cards and autoprobe.
1185 Note: The supported board is detected by reading EEPROM or PCI
1186 SSID (if EEPROM isn't available). You can override the
1187 model by passing "model" module option in case that the
1188 driver isn't configured properly or you want to try another
1194 Module for Echoaudio Indigo
1196 This module supports multiple cards.
1197 The driver requires the firmware loader support on kernel.
1202 Module for Echoaudio Indigo DJ
1204 This module supports multiple cards.
1205 The driver requires the firmware loader support on kernel.
1210 Module for Echoaudio Indigo IO
1212 This module supports multiple cards.
1213 The driver requires the firmware loader support on kernel.
1218 Module for AC'97 motherboards from Intel and compatibles.
1219 * Intel i810/810E, i815, i820, i830, i84x, MX440
1220 ICH5, ICH6, ICH7, ESB2
1221 * SiS 7012 (SiS 735)
1222 * NVidia NForce, NForce2, NForce3, MCP04, CK804
1224 * AMD AMD768, AMD8111
1227 ac97_clock - AC'97 codec clock base (0 = auto-detect)
1228 ac97_quirk - AC'97 workaround for strange hardware
1229 See "AC97 Quirk Option" section below.
1230 buggy_irq - Enable workaround for buggy interrupts on some
1231 motherboards (default yes on nForce chips,
1233 buggy_semaphore - Enable workaround for hardwares with buggy
1234 semaphores (e.g. on some ASUS laptops)
1236 spdif_aclink - Use S/PDIF over AC-link instead of direct connection
1237 from the controller chip
1238 (0 = off, 1 = on, -1 = default)
1240 This module supports one chip and autoprobe.
1242 Note: the latest driver supports auto-detection of chip clock.
1243 if you still encounter too fast playback, specify the clock
1244 explicitly via the module option "ac97_clock=41194".
1246 Joystick/MIDI ports are not supported by this driver. If your
1247 motherboard has these devices, use the ns558 or snd-mpu401
1248 modules, respectively.
1250 The power-management is supported.
1252 Module snd-intel8x0m
1253 --------------------
1255 Module for Intel ICH (i8x0) chipset MC97 modems.
1256 * Intel i810/810E, i815, i820, i830, i84x, MX440
1258 * SiS 7013 (SiS 735)
1259 * NVidia NForce, NForce2, NForce2s, NForce3
1263 ac97_clock - AC'97 codec clock base (0 = auto-detect)
1265 This module supports one card and autoprobe.
1267 Note: The default index value of this module is -2, i.e. the first
1270 The power-management is supported.
1272 Module snd-interwave
1273 --------------------
1275 Module for Gravis UltraSound PnP, Dynasonic 3-D/Pro, STB Sound Rage 32
1276 and other sound cards based on AMD InterWave (tm) chip.
1278 joystick_dac - 0 to 31, (0.59V-4.52V or 0.389V-2.98V)
1279 midi - 1 = MIDI UART enable, 0 = MIDI UART disable (default)
1280 pcm_voices - reserved PCM voices for the synthesizer (default 2)
1281 effect - 1 = InterWave effects enable (default 0);
1283 isapnp - ISA PnP detection - 0 = disable, 1 = enable (default)
1285 with isapnp=0, the following options are available:
1287 port - port # for InterWave chip (0x210,0x220,0x230,0x240,0x250,0x260)
1288 irq - IRQ # for InterWave chip (3,5,9,11,12,15)
1289 dma1 - DMA # for InterWave chip (0,1,3,5,6,7)
1290 dma2 - DMA # for InterWave chip (0,1,3,5,6,7,-1=disable)
1292 This module supports multiple cards, autoprobe and ISA PnP.
1294 Module snd-interwave-stb
1295 ------------------------
1297 Module for UltraSound 32-Pro (sound card from STB used by Compaq)
1298 and other sound cards based on AMD InterWave (tm) chip with TEA6330T
1299 circuit for extended control of bass, treble and master volume.
1301 joystick_dac - 0 to 31, (0.59V-4.52V or 0.389V-2.98V)
1302 midi - 1 = MIDI UART enable, 0 = MIDI UART disable (default)
1303 pcm_voices - reserved PCM voices for the synthesizer (default 2)
1304 effect - 1 = InterWave effects enable (default 0);
1306 isapnp - ISA PnP detection - 0 = disable, 1 = enable (default)
1308 with isapnp=0, the following options are available:
1310 port - port # for InterWave chip (0x210,0x220,0x230,0x240,0x250,0x260)
1311 port_tc - tone control (i2c bus) port # for TEA6330T chip (0x350,0x360,0x370,0x380)
1312 irq - IRQ # for InterWave chip (3,5,9,11,12,15)
1313 dma1 - DMA # for InterWave chip (0,1,3,5,6,7)
1314 dma2 - DMA # for InterWave chip (0,1,3,5,6,7,-1=disable)
1316 This module supports multiple cards, autoprobe and ISA PnP.
1321 Module for Korg 1212 IO PCI card
1323 This module supports multiple cards.
1328 Module for Echoaudio Layla20
1330 This module supports multiple cards.
1331 The driver requires the firmware loader support on kernel.
1336 Module for Echoaudio Layla24
1338 This module supports multiple cards.
1339 The driver requires the firmware loader support on kernel.
1344 Module for Allegro/Maestro3 chips
1346 external_amp - enable external amp (enabled by default)
1347 amp_gpio - GPIO pin number for external amp (0-15) or
1348 -1 for default pin (8 for allegro, 1 for
1351 This module supports autoprobe and multiple chips.
1353 Note: the binding of amplifier is dependent on hardware.
1354 If there is no sound even though all channels are unmuted, try to
1355 specify other gpio connection via amp_gpio option.
1356 For example, a Panasonic notebook might need "amp_gpio=0x0d"
1359 The power-management is supported.
1364 Module for Echoaudio Mia
1366 This module supports multiple cards.
1367 The driver requires the firmware loader support on kernel.
1372 Module for Miro soundcards: miroSOUND PCM 1 pro,
1374 miroSOUND PCM 20 Radio.
1376 port - Port # (0x530,0x604,0xe80,0xf40)
1377 irq - IRQ # (5,7,9,10,11)
1378 dma1 - 1st dma # (0,1,3)
1379 dma2 - 2nd dma # (0,1)
1380 mpu_port - MPU-401 port # (0x300,0x310,0x320,0x330)
1381 mpu_irq - MPU-401 irq # (5,7,9,10)
1382 fm_port - FM Port # (0x388)
1383 wss - enable WSS mode
1384 ide - enable onboard ide support
1389 Module for Digigram miXart8 sound cards.
1391 This module supports multiple cards.
1392 Note: One miXart8 board will be represented as 4 alsa cards.
1393 See MIXART.txt for details.
1395 When the driver is compiled as a module and the hotplug firmware
1396 is supported, the firmware data is loaded via hotplug automatically.
1397 Install the necessary firmware files in alsa-firmware package.
1398 When no hotplug fw loader is available, you need to load the
1399 firmware via mixartloader utility in alsa-tools package.
1404 Module for Echoaudio Mona
1406 This module supports multiple cards.
1407 The driver requires the firmware loader support on kernel.
1412 Module for MPU-401 UART devices.
1414 port - port number or -1 (disable)
1415 irq - IRQ number or -1 (disable)
1416 pnp - PnP detection - 0 = disable, 1 = enable (default)
1418 This module supports multiple devices and PnP.
1423 Module for MOTU MidiTimePiece AV multiport MIDI (on the parallel
1426 port - I/O port # for MTPAV (0x378,0x278, default=0x378)
1427 irq - IRQ # for MTPAV (7,5, default=7)
1428 hwports - number of supported hardware ports, default=8.
1430 Module supports only 1 card. This module has no enable option.
1435 Module for Ego Systems (ESI) Miditerminal 4140
1437 This module supports multiple devices.
1438 Requires parport (CONFIG_PARPORT).
1443 Module for NeoMagic NM256AV/ZX chips
1445 playback_bufsize - max playback frame size in kB (4-128kB)
1446 capture_bufsize - max capture frame size in kB (4-128kB)
1447 force_ac97 - 0 or 1 (disabled by default)
1448 buffer_top - specify buffer top address
1449 use_cache - 0 or 1 (disabled by default)
1450 vaio_hack - alias buffer_top=0x25a800
1451 reset_workaround - enable AC97 RESET workaround for some laptops
1452 reset_workaround2 - enable extended AC97 RESET workaround for some
1455 This module supports one chip and autoprobe.
1457 The power-management is supported.
1459 Note: on some notebooks the buffer address cannot be detected
1460 automatically, or causes hang-up during initialization.
1461 In such a case, specify the buffer top address explicitly via
1462 the buffer_top option.
1464 Sony F250: buffer_top=0x25a800
1465 Sony F270: buffer_top=0x272800
1466 The driver supports only ac97 codec. It's possible to force
1467 to initialize/use ac97 although it's not detected. In such a
1468 case, use force_ac97=1 option - but *NO* guarantee whether it
1471 Note: The NM256 chip can be linked internally with non-AC97
1472 codecs. This driver supports only the AC97 codec, and won't work
1473 with machines with other (most likely CS423x or OPL3SAx) chips,
1474 even though the device is detected in lspci. In such a case, try
1475 other drivers, e.g. snd-cs4232 or snd-opl3sa2. Some has ISA-PnP
1476 but some doesn't have ISA PnP. You'll need to specify isapnp=0
1477 and proper hardware parameters in the case without ISA PnP.
1479 Note: some laptops need a workaround for AC97 RESET. For the
1480 known hardware like Dell Latitude LS and Sony PCG-F305, this
1481 workaround is enabled automatically. For other laptops with a
1482 hard freeze, you can try reset_workaround=1 option.
1484 Note: Dell Latitude CSx laptops have another problem regarding
1485 AC97 RESET. On these laptops, reset_workaround2 option is
1486 turned on as default. This option is worth to try if the
1487 previous reset_workaround option doesn't help.
1489 Note: This driver is really crappy. It's a porting from the
1490 OSS driver, which is a result of black-magic reverse engineering.
1491 The detection of codec will fail if the driver is loaded *after*
1492 X-server as described above. You might be able to force to load
1493 the module, but it may result in hang-up. Hence, make sure that
1494 you load this module *before* X if you encounter this kind of
1500 Module for Yamaha OPL3-SA2/SA3 sound cards.
1502 isapnp - ISA PnP detection - 0 = disable, 1 = enable (default)
1504 with isapnp=0, the following options are available:
1506 port - control port # for OPL3-SA chip (0x370)
1507 sb_port - SB port # for OPL3-SA chip (0x220,0x240)
1508 wss_port - WSS port # for OPL3-SA chip (0x530,0xe80,0xf40,0x604)
1509 midi_port - port # for MPU-401 UART (0x300,0x330), -1 = disable
1510 fm_port - FM port # for OPL3-SA chip (0x388), -1 = disable
1511 irq - IRQ # for OPL3-SA chip (5,7,9,10)
1512 dma1 - first DMA # for Yamaha OPL3-SA chip (0,1,3)
1513 dma2 - second DMA # for Yamaha OPL3-SA chip (0,1,3), -1 = disable
1515 This module supports multiple cards and ISA PnP. It does not support
1516 autoprobe (if ISA PnP is not used) thus all ports must be specified!!!
1518 The power-management is supported.
1520 Module snd-opti92x-ad1848
1521 -------------------------
1523 Module for sound cards based on OPTi 82c92x and Analog Devices AD1848 chips.
1524 Module works with OAK Mozart cards as well.
1526 isapnp - ISA PnP detection - 0 = disable, 1 = enable (default)
1528 with isapnp=0, the following options are available:
1530 port - port # for WSS chip (0x530,0xe80,0xf40,0x604)
1531 mpu_port - port # for MPU-401 UART (0x300,0x310,0x320,0x330)
1532 fm_port - port # for OPL3 device (0x388)
1533 irq - IRQ # for WSS chip (5,7,9,10,11)
1534 mpu_irq - IRQ # for MPU-401 UART (5,7,9,10)
1535 dma1 - first DMA # for WSS chip (0,1,3)
1537 This module supports only one card, autoprobe and PnP.
1539 Module snd-opti92x-cs4231
1540 -------------------------
1542 Module for sound cards based on OPTi 82c92x and Crystal CS4231 chips.
1544 isapnp - ISA PnP detection - 0 = disable, 1 = enable (default)
1546 with isapnp=0, the following options are available:
1548 port - port # for WSS chip (0x530,0xe80,0xf40,0x604)
1549 mpu_port - port # for MPU-401 UART (0x300,0x310,0x320,0x330)
1550 fm_port - port # for OPL3 device (0x388)
1551 irq - IRQ # for WSS chip (5,7,9,10,11)
1552 mpu_irq - IRQ # for MPU-401 UART (5,7,9,10)
1553 dma1 - first DMA # for WSS chip (0,1,3)
1554 dma2 - second DMA # for WSS chip (0,1,3)
1556 This module supports only one card, autoprobe and PnP.
1561 Module for sound cards based on OPTi 82c93x chips.
1563 isapnp - ISA PnP detection - 0 = disable, 1 = enable (default)
1565 with isapnp=0, the following options are available:
1567 port - port # for WSS chip (0x530,0xe80,0xf40,0x604)
1568 mpu_port - port # for MPU-401 UART (0x300,0x310,0x320,0x330)
1569 fm_port - port # for OPL3 device (0x388)
1570 irq - IRQ # for WSS chip (5,7,9,10,11)
1571 mpu_irq - IRQ # for MPU-401 UART (5,7,9,10)
1572 dma1 - first DMA # for WSS chip (0,1,3)
1573 dma2 - second DMA # for WSS chip (0,1,3)
1575 This module supports only one card, autoprobe and PnP.
1580 Module for sound cards based on the C-Media CMI8788 chip:
1582 * AuzenTech X-Meridian
1584 * Club3D Theatron DTS
1586 * Razer Barracuda AC-1
1589 This module supports autoprobe and multiple cards.
1591 Power management is _not_ supported.
1596 Module for Digigram PCXHR boards
1598 This module supports multiple cards.
1600 Module snd-portman2x4
1601 ---------------------
1603 Module for Midiman Portman 2x4 parallel port MIDI interface
1605 This module supports multiple cards.
1607 Module snd-powermac (on ppc only)
1608 ---------------------------------
1610 Module for PowerMac, iMac and iBook on-board soundchips
1612 enable_beep - enable beep using PCM (enabled as default)
1614 Module supports autoprobe a chip.
1616 Note: the driver may have problems regarding endianess.
1618 The power-management is supported.
1620 Module snd-pxa2xx-ac97 (on arm only)
1621 ------------------------------------
1623 Module for AC97 driver for the Intel PXA2xx chip
1625 For ARM architecture only.
1627 The power-management is supported.
1632 Module for Conexant Riptide chip
1634 joystick_port - Joystick port # (default: 0x200)
1635 mpu_port - MPU401 port # (default: 0x330)
1636 opl3_port - OPL3 port # (default: 0x388)
1638 This module supports multiple cards.
1639 The driver requires the firmware loader support on kernel.
1640 You need to install the firmware file "riptide.hex" to the standard
1641 firmware path (e.g. /lib/firmware).
1646 Module for RME Digi32, Digi32 Pro and Digi32/8 (Sek'd Prodif32,
1647 Prodif96 and Prodif Gold) sound cards.
1649 This module supports multiple cards.
1654 Module for RME Digi96, Digi96/8 and Digi96/8 PRO/PAD/PST sound cards.
1656 This module supports multiple cards.
1661 Module for RME Digi9652 (Hammerfall, Hammerfall-Light) sound cards.
1663 precise_ptr - Enable precise pointer (doesn't work reliably).
1666 This module supports multiple cards.
1668 Note: snd-page-alloc module does the job which snd-hammerfall-mem
1669 module did formerly. It will allocate the buffers in advance
1670 when any RME9652 cards are found. To make the buffer
1671 allocation sure, load snd-page-alloc module in the early
1672 stage of boot sequence. See "Early Buffer Allocation"
1675 Module snd-sa11xx-uda1341 (on arm only)
1676 ---------------------------------------
1678 Module for Philips UDA1341TS on Compaq iPAQ H3600 sound card.
1680 Module supports only one card.
1681 Module has no enable and index options.
1683 The power-management is supported.
1688 Module for 8-bit SoundBlaster cards: SoundBlaster 1.0,
1692 port - port # for SB DSP chip (0x220,0x240,0x260)
1693 irq - IRQ # for SB DSP chip (5,7,9,10)
1694 dma8 - DMA # for SB DSP chip (1,3)
1696 This module supports multiple cards and autoprobe.
1698 The power-management is supported.
1700 Module snd-sb16 and snd-sbawe
1701 -----------------------------
1703 Module for 16-bit SoundBlaster cards: SoundBlaster 16 (PnP),
1704 SoundBlaster AWE 32 (PnP),
1705 SoundBlaster AWE 64 PnP
1707 mic_agc - Mic Auto-Gain-Control - 0 = disable, 1 = enable (default)
1708 csp - ASP/CSP chip support - 0 = disable (default), 1 = enable
1709 isapnp - ISA PnP detection - 0 = disable, 1 = enable (default)
1711 with isapnp=0, the following options are available:
1713 port - port # for SB DSP 4.x chip (0x220,0x240,0x260)
1714 mpu_port - port # for MPU-401 UART (0x300,0x330), -1 = disable
1715 awe_port - base port # for EMU8000 synthesizer (0x620,0x640,0x660)
1716 (snd-sbawe module only)
1717 irq - IRQ # for SB DSP 4.x chip (5,7,9,10)
1718 dma8 - 8-bit DMA # for SB DSP 4.x chip (0,1,3)
1719 dma16 - 16-bit DMA # for SB DSP 4.x chip (5,6,7)
1721 This module supports multiple cards, autoprobe and ISA PnP.
1723 Note: To use Vibra16X cards in 16-bit half duplex mode, you must
1724 disable 16bit DMA with dma16 = -1 module parameter.
1725 Also, all Sound Blaster 16 type cards can operate in 16-bit
1726 half duplex mode through 8-bit DMA channel by disabling their
1729 The power-management is supported.
1734 Module for Gallant SC-6000 soundcard.
1736 port - Port # (0x220 or 0x240)
1737 mss_port - MSS Port # (0x530 or 0xe80)
1738 irq - IRQ # (5,7,9,10,11)
1739 mpu_irq - MPU-401 IRQ # (5,7,9,10) ,0 - no MPU-401 irq
1742 This module supports multiple cards.
1744 This card is also known as Audio Excel DSP 16 or Zoltrix AV302.
1749 Module for Aztech Sound Galaxy sound card.
1751 sbport - Port # for SB16 interface (0x220,0x240)
1752 wssport - Port # for WSS interface (0x530,0xe80,0xf40,0x604)
1753 irq - IRQ # (7,9,10,11)
1756 This module supports multiple cards.
1758 The power-management is supported.
1763 Module for ENSONIQ SoundScape PnP cards.
1765 port - Port # (PnP setup)
1766 wss_port - WSS Port # (PnP setup)
1767 irq - IRQ # (PnP setup)
1768 mpu_irq - MPU-401 IRQ # (PnP setup)
1769 dma - DMA # (PnP setup)
1770 dma2 - 2nd DMA # (PnP setup, -1 to disable)
1772 This module supports multiple cards. ISA PnP must be enabled.
1773 You need sscape_ctl tool in alsa-tools package for loading
1776 Module snd-sun-amd7930 (on sparc only)
1777 --------------------------------------
1779 Module for AMD7930 sound chips found on Sparcs.
1781 This module supports multiple cards.
1783 Module snd-sun-cs4231 (on sparc only)
1784 -------------------------------------
1786 Module for CS4231 sound chips found on Sparcs.
1788 This module supports multiple cards.
1790 Module snd-sun-dbri (on sparc only)
1791 -----------------------------------
1793 Module for DBRI sound chips found on Sparcs.
1795 This module supports multiple cards.
1797 Module snd-wavefront
1798 --------------------
1800 Module for Turtle Beach Maui, Tropez and Tropez+ sound cards.
1802 use_cs4232_midi - Use CS4232 MPU-401 interface
1803 (inaccessibly located inside your computer)
1804 isapnp - ISA PnP detection - 0 = disable, 1 = enable (default)
1806 with isapnp=0, the following options are available:
1808 cs4232_pcm_port - Port # for CS4232 PCM interface.
1809 cs4232_pcm_irq - IRQ # for CS4232 PCM interface (5,7,9,11,12,15).
1810 cs4232_mpu_port - Port # for CS4232 MPU-401 interface.
1811 cs4232_mpu_irq - IRQ # for CS4232 MPU-401 interface (9,11,12,15).
1812 ics2115_port - Port # for ICS2115
1813 ics2115_irq - IRQ # for ICS2115
1814 fm_port - FM OPL-3 Port #
1815 dma1 - DMA1 # for CS4232 PCM interface.
1816 dma2 - DMA2 # for CS4232 PCM interface.
1818 The below are options for wavefront_synth features:
1819 wf_raw - Assume that we need to boot the OS (default:no)
1820 If yes, then during driver loading, the state of the board is
1821 ignored, and we reset the board and load the firmware anyway.
1822 fx_raw - Assume that the FX process needs help (default:yes)
1823 If false, we'll leave the FX processor in whatever state it is
1824 when the driver is loaded. The default is to download the
1825 microprogram and associated coefficients to set it up for
1826 "default" operation, whatever that means.
1827 debug_default - Debug parameters for card initialization
1828 wait_usecs - How long to wait without sleeping, usecs
1830 This magic number seems to give pretty optimal throughput
1831 based on my limited experimentation.
1832 If you want to play around with it and find a better value, be
1833 my guest. Remember, the idea is to get a number that causes us
1834 to just busy wait for as many WaveFront commands as possible,
1835 without coming up with a number so large that we hog the whole
1837 Specifically, with this number, out of about 134,000 status
1838 waits, only about 250 result in a sleep.
1839 sleep_interval - How long to sleep when waiting for reply
1841 sleep_tries - How many times to try sleeping during a wait
1843 ospath - Pathname to processed ICS2115 OS firmware
1844 (default:wavefront.os)
1845 The path name of the ISC2115 OS firmware. In the recent
1846 version, it's handled via firmware loader framework, so it
1847 must be installed in the proper path, typically,
1849 reset_time - How long to wait for a reset to take effect
1851 ramcheck_time - How many seconds to wait for the RAM test
1853 osrun_time - How many seconds to wait for the ICS2115 OS
1856 This module supports multiple cards and ISA PnP.
1858 Note: the firmware file "wavefront.os" was located in the earlier
1859 version in /etc. Now it's loaded via firmware loader, and
1860 must be in the proper firmware path, such as /lib/firmware.
1861 Copy (or symlink) the file appropriately if you get an error
1862 regarding firmware downloading after upgrading the kernel.
1864 Module snd-sonicvibes
1865 ---------------------
1867 Module for S3 SonicVibes PCI sound cards.
1868 * PINE Schubert 32 PCI
1870 reverb - Reverb Enable - 1 = enable, 0 = disable (default)
1871 - SoundCard must have onboard SRAM for this.
1872 mge - Mic Gain Enable - 1 = enable, 0 = disable (default)
1874 This module supports multiple cards and autoprobe.
1876 Module snd-serial-u16550
1877 ------------------------
1879 Module for UART16550A serial MIDI ports.
1881 port - port # for UART16550A chip
1882 irq - IRQ # for UART16550A chip, -1 = poll mode
1883 speed - speed in bauds (9600,19200,38400,57600,115200)
1885 base - base for divisor in bauds (57600,115200,230400,460800)
1887 outs - number of MIDI ports in a serial port (1-4)
1889 adaptor - Type of adaptor.
1890 0 = Soundcanvas, 1 = MS-124T, 2 = MS-124W S/A,
1891 3 = MS-124W M/B, 4 = Generic
1893 This module supports multiple cards. This module does not support autoprobe
1894 thus the main port must be specified!!! Other options are optional.
1899 Module for Trident 4DWave DX/NX sound cards.
1900 * Best Union Miss Melody 4DWave PCI
1902 * Warpspeed ONSpeed 4DWave PCI
1905 * CHIC True Sound 4Dwave
1906 * Shark Predator4D-PCI
1907 * Jaton SonicWave 4D
1909 pcm_channels - max channels (voices) reserved for PCM
1910 wavetable_size - max wavetable size in kB (4-?kb)
1912 This module supports multiple cards and autoprobe.
1914 The power-management is supported.
1916 Module snd-usb-audio
1917 --------------------
1919 Module for USB audio and USB MIDI devices.
1921 vid - Vendor ID for the device (optional)
1922 pid - Product ID for the device (optional)
1923 device_setup - Device specific magic number (optional)
1924 - Influence depends on the device
1927 This module supports multiple devices, autoprobe and hotplugging.
1929 Module snd-usb-caiaq
1930 --------------------
1932 Module for caiaq UB audio interfaces,
1933 * Native Instruments RigKontrol2
1934 * Native Instruments Kore Controller
1935 * Native Instruments Audio Kontrol 1
1936 * Native Instruments Audio 8 DJ
1938 This module supports multiple devices, autoprobe and hotplugging.
1940 Module snd-usb-usx2y
1941 --------------------
1943 Module for Tascam USB US-122, US-224 and US-428 devices.
1945 This module supports multiple devices, autoprobe and hotplugging.
1947 Note: you need to load the firmware via usx2yloader utility included
1948 in alsa-tools and alsa-firmware packages.
1953 Module for AC'97 motherboards based on VIA 82C686A/686B, 8233,
1954 8233A, 8233C, 8235, 8237 (south) bridge.
1956 mpu_port - 0x300,0x310,0x320,0x330, otherwise obtain BIOS setup
1958 joystick - Enable joystick (default off) [VIA686A/686B only]
1959 ac97_clock - AC'97 codec clock base (default 48000Hz)
1960 dxs_support - support DXS channels,
1961 0 = auto (default), 1 = enable, 2 = disable,
1962 3 = 48k only, 4 = no VRA, 5 = enable any sample
1963 rate and different sample rates on different
1965 [VIA8233/C, 8235, 8237 only]
1966 ac97_quirk - AC'97 workaround for strange hardware
1967 See "AC97 Quirk Option" section below.
1969 This module supports one chip and autoprobe.
1971 Note: on some SMP motherboards like MSI 694D the interrupts might
1972 not be generated properly. In such a case, please try to
1973 set the SMP (or MPS) version on BIOS to 1.1 instead of
1974 default value 1.4. Then the interrupt number will be
1975 assigned under 15. You might also upgrade your BIOS.
1977 Note: VIA8233/5/7 (not VIA8233A) can support DXS (direct sound)
1978 channels as the first PCM. On these channels, up to 4
1979 streams can be played at the same time, and the controller
1980 can perform sample rate conversion with separate rates for
1982 As default (dxs_support = 0), 48k fixed rate is chosen
1983 except for the known devices since the output is often
1984 noisy except for 48k on some mother boards due to the
1986 Please try once dxs_support=5 and if it works on other
1987 sample rates (e.g. 44.1kHz of mp3 playback), please let us
1988 know the PCI subsystem vendor/device id's (output of
1990 If dxs_support=5 does not work, try dxs_support=4; if it
1991 doesn't work too, try dxs_support=1. (dxs_support=1 is
1992 usually for old motherboards. The correct implemented
1993 board should work with 4 or 5.) If it still doesn't
1994 work and the default setting is ok, dxs_support=3 is the
1995 right choice. If the default setting doesn't work at all,
1996 try dxs_support=2 to disable the DXS channels.
1997 In any cases, please let us know the result and the
1998 subsystem vendor/device ids. See "Links and Addresses"
2001 Note: for the MPU401 on VIA823x, use snd-mpu401 driver
2002 additionally. The mpu_port option is for VIA686 chips only.
2004 The power-management is supported.
2006 Module snd-via82xx-modem
2007 ------------------------
2009 Module for VIA82xx AC97 modem
2011 ac97_clock - AC'97 codec clock base (default 48000Hz)
2013 This module supports one card and autoprobe.
2015 Note: The default index value of this module is -2, i.e. the first
2018 The power-management is supported.
2023 Module for virtual rawmidi devices.
2024 This module creates virtual rawmidi devices which communicate
2025 to the corresponding ALSA sequencer ports.
2027 midi_devs - MIDI devices # (1-4, default=4)
2029 This module supports multiple cards.
2034 Module for sound cards based on the Asus AV200 chip, i.e.,
2035 Xonar D2 and Xonar D2X.
2037 This module supports autoprobe and multiple cards.
2039 Power management is _not_ supported.
2044 Module for Digigram VX-Pocket VX222, V222 v2 and Mic cards.
2046 mic - Enable Microphone on V222 Mic (NYI)
2047 ibl - Capture IBL size. (default = 0, minimum size)
2049 This module supports multiple cards.
2051 When the driver is compiled as a module and the hotplug firmware
2052 is supported, the firmware data is loaded via hotplug automatically.
2053 Install the necessary firmware files in alsa-firmware package.
2054 When no hotplug fw loader is available, you need to load the
2055 firmware via vxloader utility in alsa-tools package. To invoke
2056 vxloader automatically, add the following to /etc/modprobe.conf
2058 install snd-vx222 /sbin/modprobe --first-time -i snd-vx222 && /usr/bin/vxloader
2060 (for 2.2/2.4 kernels, add "post-install /usr/bin/vxloader" to
2061 /etc/modules.conf, instead.)
2062 IBL size defines the interrupts period for PCM. The smaller size
2063 gives smaller latency but leads to more CPU consumption, too.
2064 The size is usually aligned to 126. As default (=0), the smallest
2065 size is chosen. The possible IBL values can be found in
2066 /proc/asound/cardX/vx-status proc file.
2068 The power-management is supported.
2073 Module for Digigram VX-Pocket VX2 and 440 PCMCIA cards.
2075 ibl - Capture IBL size. (default = 0, minimum size)
2077 This module supports multiple cards. The module is compiled only when
2078 PCMCIA is supported on kernel.
2080 With the older 2.6.x kernel, to activate the driver via the card
2081 manager, you'll need to set up /etc/pcmcia/vxpocket.conf. See the
2082 sound/pcmcia/vx/vxpocket.c. 2.6.13 or later kernel requires no
2083 longer require a config file.
2085 When the driver is compiled as a module and the hotplug firmware
2086 is supported, the firmware data is loaded via hotplug automatically.
2087 Install the necessary firmware files in alsa-firmware package.
2088 When no hotplug fw loader is available, you need to load the
2089 firmware via vxloader utility in alsa-tools package.
2091 About capture IBL, see the description of snd-vx222 module.
2093 Note: snd-vxp440 driver is merged to snd-vxpocket driver since
2096 The power-management is supported.
2101 Module for Yamaha PCI chips (YMF72x, YMF74x & YMF75x).
2103 mpu_port - 0x300,0x330,0x332,0x334, 0 (disable) by default,
2104 1 (auto-detect for YMF744/754 only)
2105 fm_port - 0x388,0x398,0x3a0,0x3a8, 0 (disable) by default
2106 1 (auto-detect for YMF744/754 only)
2107 joystick_port - 0x201,0x202,0x204,0x205, 0 (disable) by default,
2109 rear_switch - enable shared rear/line-in switch (bool)
2111 This module supports autoprobe and multiple chips.
2113 The power-management is supported.
2115 Module snd-pdaudiocf
2116 --------------------
2118 Module for Sound Core PDAudioCF sound card.
2120 The power-management is supported.
2126 The ac97_quirk option is used to enable/override the workaround for
2127 specific devices on drivers for on-board AC'97 controllers like
2128 snd-intel8x0. Some hardware have swapped output pins between Master
2129 and Headphone, or Surround (thanks to confusion of AC'97
2130 specifications from version to version :-)
2132 The driver provides the auto-detection of known problematic devices,
2133 but some might be unknown or wrongly detected. In such a case, pass
2134 the proper value with this option.
2136 The following strings are accepted:
2137 - default Don't override the default setting
2138 - none Disable the quirk
2139 - hp_only Bind Master and Headphone controls as a single control
2140 - swap_hp Swap headphone and master controls
2141 - swap_surround Swap master and surround controls
2142 - ad_sharing For AD1985, turn on OMS bit and use headphone
2143 - alc_jack For ALC65x, turn on the jack sense mode
2144 - inv_eapd Inverted EAPD implementation
2145 - mute_led Bind EAPD bit for turning on/off mute LED
2147 For backward compatibility, the corresponding integer value -1, 0,
2148 ... are accepted, too.
2150 For example, if "Master" volume control has no effect on your device
2151 but only "Headphone" does, pass ac97_quirk=hp_only module option.
2154 Configuring Non-ISAPNP Cards
2155 ============================
2157 When the kernel is configured with ISA-PnP support, the modules
2158 supporting the isapnp cards will have module options "isapnp".
2159 If this option is set, *only* the ISA-PnP devices will be probed.
2160 For probing the non ISA-PnP cards, you have to pass "isapnp=0" option
2161 together with the proper i/o and irq configuration.
2163 When the kernel is configured without ISA-PnP support, isapnp option
2164 will be not built in.
2167 Module Autoloading Support
2168 ==========================
2170 The ALSA drivers can be loaded automatically on demand by defining
2171 module aliases. The string 'snd-card-%1' is requested for ALSA native
2172 devices where %i is sound card number from zero to seven.
2174 To auto-load an ALSA driver for OSS services, define the string
2175 'sound-slot-%i' where %i means the slot number for OSS, which
2176 corresponds to the card index of ALSA. Usually, define this
2177 as the same card module.
2179 An example configuration for a single emu10k1 card is like below:
2180 ----- /etc/modprobe.conf
2181 alias snd-card-0 snd-emu10k1
2182 alias sound-slot-0 snd-emu10k1
2183 ----- /etc/modprobe.conf
2185 The available number of auto-loaded sound cards depends on the module
2186 option "cards_limit" of snd module. As default it's set to 1.
2187 To enable the auto-loading of multiple cards, specify the number of
2188 sound cards in that option.
2190 When multiple cards are available, it'd better to specify the index
2191 number for each card via module option, too, so that the order of
2192 cards is kept consistent.
2194 An example configuration for two sound cards is like below:
2196 ----- /etc/modprobe.conf
2198 options snd cards_limit=2
2199 alias snd-card-0 snd-interwave
2200 alias snd-card-1 snd-ens1371
2201 options snd-interwave index=0
2202 options snd-ens1371 index=1
2204 alias sound-slot-0 snd-interwave
2205 alias sound-slot-1 snd-ens1371
2206 ----- /etc/modprobe.conf
2208 In this example, the interwave card is always loaded as the first card
2209 (index 0) and ens1371 as the second (index 1).
2211 Alternative (and new) way to fixate the slot assignment is to use
2212 "slots" option of snd module. In the case above, specify like the
2215 options snd slots=snd-interwave,snd-ens1371
2217 Then, the first slot (#0) is reserved for snd-interwave driver, and
2218 the second (#1) for snd-ens1371. You can omit index option in each
2219 driver if slots option is used (although you can still have them at
2220 the same time as long as they don't conflict).
2222 The slots option is especially useful for avoiding the possible
2223 hot-plugging and the resultant slot conflict. For example, in the
2224 case above again, the first two slots are already reserved. If any
2225 other driver (e.g. snd-usb-audio) is loaded before snd-interwave or
2226 snd-ens1371, it will be assigned to the third or later slot.
2229 ALSA PCM devices to OSS devices mapping
2230 =======================================
2232 /dev/snd/pcmC0D0[c|p] -> /dev/audio0 (/dev/audio) -> minor 4
2233 /dev/snd/pcmC0D0[c|p] -> /dev/dsp0 (/dev/dsp) -> minor 3
2234 /dev/snd/pcmC0D1[c|p] -> /dev/adsp0 (/dev/adsp) -> minor 12
2235 /dev/snd/pcmC1D0[c|p] -> /dev/audio1 -> minor 4+16 = 20
2236 /dev/snd/pcmC1D0[c|p] -> /dev/dsp1 -> minor 3+16 = 19
2237 /dev/snd/pcmC1D1[c|p] -> /dev/adsp1 -> minor 12+16 = 28
2238 /dev/snd/pcmC2D0[c|p] -> /dev/audio2 -> minor 4+32 = 36
2239 /dev/snd/pcmC2D0[c|p] -> /dev/dsp2 -> minor 3+32 = 39
2240 /dev/snd/pcmC2D1[c|p] -> /dev/adsp2 -> minor 12+32 = 44
2242 The first number from /dev/snd/pcmC{X}D{Y}[c|p] expression means
2243 sound card number and second means device number. The ALSA devices
2244 have either 'c' or 'p' suffix indicating the direction, capture and
2245 playback, respectively.
2247 Please note that the device mapping above may be varied via the module
2248 options of snd-pcm-oss module.
2251 Proc interfaces (/proc/asound)
2252 ==============================
2254 /proc/asound/card#/pcm#[cp]/oss
2255 -------------------------------
2256 String "erase" - erase all additional informations about OSS applications
2257 String "<app_name> <fragments> <fragment_size> [<options>]"
2259 <app_name> - name of application with (higher priority) or without path
2260 <fragments> - number of fragments or zero if auto
2261 <fragment_size> - size of fragment in bytes or zero if auto
2262 <options> - optional parameters
2263 - disable the application tries to open a pcm device for
2264 this channel but does not want to use it.
2265 (Cause a bug or mmap needs)
2266 It's good for Quake etc...
2267 - direct don't use plugins
2268 - block force block mode (rvplayer)
2269 - non-block force non-block mode
2270 - whole-frag write only whole fragments (optimization affecting
2272 - no-silence do not fill silence ahead to avoid clicks
2273 - buggy-ptr Returns the whitespace blocks in GETOPTR ioctl
2274 instead of filled blocks
2276 Example: echo "x11amp 128 16384" > /proc/asound/card0/pcm0p/oss
2277 echo "squake 0 0 disable" > /proc/asound/card0/pcm0c/oss
2278 echo "rvplayer 0 0 block" > /proc/asound/card0/pcm0p/oss
2281 Early Buffer Allocation
2282 =======================
2284 Some drivers (e.g. hdsp) require the large contiguous buffers, and
2285 sometimes it's too late to find such spaces when the driver module is
2286 actually loaded due to memory fragmentation. You can pre-allocate the
2287 PCM buffers by loading snd-page-alloc module and write commands to its
2288 proc file in prior, for example, in the early boot stage like
2289 /etc/init.d/*.local scripts.
2291 Reading the proc file /proc/drivers/snd-page-alloc shows the current
2292 usage of page allocation. In writing, you can send the following
2293 commands to the snd-page-alloc driver:
2295 - add VENDOR DEVICE MASK SIZE BUFFERS
2297 VENDOR and DEVICE are PCI vendor and device IDs. They take
2298 integer numbers (0x prefix is needed for the hex).
2299 MASK is the PCI DMA mask. Pass 0 if not restricted.
2300 SIZE is the size of each buffer to allocate. You can pass
2301 k and m suffix for KB and MB. The max number is 16MB.
2302 BUFFERS is the number of buffers to allocate. It must be greater
2303 than 0. The max number is 4.
2307 This will erase the all pre-allocated buffers which are not in
2314 ALSA project homepage
2315 http://www.alsa-project.org
2317 ALSA Bug Tracking System
2318 https://bugtrack.alsa-project.org/bugs/
2321 mailto:alsa-devel@alsa-project.org
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